Assessment of safety and intranasal neutralizing antibodies of HPMC-based human anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG1 nasal spray in healthy volunteers.

An HPMC-based nasal spray solution containing human IgG1 antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (nasal antibody spray or NAS) was developed to strengthen COVID-19 management. NAS exhibited potent broadly neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 with PVNT values ranging from 0.0035 to 3.

Phase III study of Phlai capsules in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Preclinical studies demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects of Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex Dietr.(Phlai).

Therapeutic options of post-COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a typical post-COVID-19 presentation, affecting patients' quality of life. There are currently multiple treatment options in this group of patients such as oral and intranasal corticosteroids, olfactory training, oral vitamin-mineral supplementation, amongst others. This meta-analysis aims to consolidate existing evidence for current therapies in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction related to COVID-19 infection and evaluate the possible role of corticosteroid add-on therapy in olfactory training.

Efficacy and safety of retrobulbar amphotericin B injection in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with orbital invasion patients.

Background: At present, there is no consensus for optimal orbital infection management in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis patients. This is the first retrospective cohort study aimed to determine efficacy and side effects of the retrobulbar amphotericin B injection for orbital management in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis patients.

Methodology: A retrospective chart review was conducted from 2005 to 2020.

Predictive factors for identifying macrolide responder in treating chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Low-dose macrolides (LDM) are anti-inflammatory agents with antineutrophilic activity, but patient selection for LDM therapy in treating chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is controversial. This study aimed to assess factors which predict LDM responders.

Methodology: A prospective cohort study was performed.

Risk factors of orbital complications in outpatients presenting with severe rhinosinusitis: A case-control study.

Objectives: We assessed associations of potential factors with orbital complications in acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) patients.

Design: An unmatched case-control study.

Setting: A tertiary referral hospital in Thailand.

Overall survival and prognostic factors in diabetic patients with invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are susceptible to invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFRS). The mortality rate of IFRS varies greatly among the patients with DM.

Objective: To identify the prognostic factors for the overall survival of patients with DM and IFRS.

Decontamination and reuse of surgical masks and N95 filtering facepiece respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

Objectives: Surgical masks and N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) prevent the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and protect medical personnel. Increased demands for surgical masks and N95 FFRs during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the shortage crisis. However, there is no standard protocol for safe reuse of the N95 FFRs.

Low-dose macrolides for treating pediatric rhinosinusitis: A retrospective study and literature review.

The effects of low-dose macrolide (LDM) therapy on pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients are unknown. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of LDM for treating pediatric refractory CRS. A retrospective study was conducted by a medical chart review.

Smell and taste dysfunction in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment options.

During the initial pandemic wave of COVID-19, apart from common presenting symptoms (cough, fever, and fatigue), many countries have reported a sudden increase in the number of smell and taste dysfunction patients. Smell dysfunction has been reported in other viral infections (parainfluenza, rhinovirus, SARS, and others), but the incidence is much lower than SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pathophysiology of post-infectious olfactory loss was hypothesized that viruses may produce an inflammatory reaction of the nasal mucosa or damage the olfactory neuroepithelium directly.

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions (OGD) are pathognomonic symptoms in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study reviews the associations of OGD with COVID-19 which will be useful for early diagnosis and self-isolation. Systematic searches of PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and EMBASE electronic databases were performed.

Histopathology of ethmoid mucosa versus polyp tissue in diagnosing eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis.

Background: This study aims to compare histopathology of nasal polyp and ethmoid mucosa for diagnosing eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis (EMRS).

Methodology: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP) were enrolled. Using eosinophilic mucin as a reference, histopathology of polyp apex, polyp pedicle and ethmoid mucosa was compared for density of tissue eosinophil and sensitivity for diagnosing EMRS.

Predicting bacteria causing acute bacterial rhinosinusitis by clinical features.

Introduction: Clinicians rely on clinical presentations to select therapeutic agents for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are common in acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae require different antibiotics.

Does Heating up Saline for Nasal Irrigation Improve Mucociliary Function in Chronic Rhinosinusitis?

Background Mucociliary function is affected by temperature. Exposure to cold air may impair ciliary beat frequency. While saline nasal irrigation improves in ciliary beat activity, there is no evidence supporting the use of heated saline irrigation in treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

EPOS2012 has better specificity compared to IDSA2012 for diagnosing acute bacterial rhinosinusitis.

Background: Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a subtype of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS). To prevent excessive antibiotic prescribing, clinical criteria for diagnosing ABRS are presented in two major international guidelines from European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS2012) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA2012). This study aims to assess accuracy of these criteria.

Burden of respiratory disease in Thailand: Results from the APBORD observational study.

Asia-Pacific Burden of Respiratory Diseases (APBORD) was a cross-sectional, observational study examining the burden of respiratory disease in adults across 6 Asia-Pacific countries.This article reports symptoms, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), work impairment and cost burden associated with allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and rhinosinusitis in Thailand.Consecutive participants aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of AR, asthma, COPD, or rhinosinusitis were enrolled at 4 hospitals in Thailand during October 2012 and October 2013.

A Surveillance Bacteriological Study of Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in Thailand and the Clinical Responses to the Culture-directed Antibiotics.

Objective: To examine: 1) types of bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity of commonly used antibiotics for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) in Thailand, 2) the effectiveness of using antibiotics according to antimicrobial sensitivity, and 3) the effectiveness of using antibiotics according to the Thai clinical practice guidelines (CPG) of ABRS.

Material And Method: Descriptive & experimental studies were conducted in seven tertiary hospitals in Thailand. The specimens from maxillary sinuses were taken for bacterial cultures either by maxillary sinus tap or endoscopically directed middle meatus swabs in patients with clinically diagnosed ABRS.

The orbital floor is a surgical landmark for the Asian anterior skull base.

Background: Surgical landmarks for defining the level of the skull base during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery (ESBS), e.g., the middle turbinate, may be distorted by tumor or previous surgery.

Dexmedetomidine improves the quality of the operative field for functional endoscopic sinus surgery: systematic review.

Background: Intra-operative bleeding diminishes visualisation during functional endoscopic sinus surgery and can cause unfavourable outcomes. Dexmedetomidine is a potent alpha-2 agonist, with sympatholytic effects. This systematic review aimed to assess whether dexmedetomidine decreases intra-operative bleeding and improves operative field quality.

The validity of peak nasal inspiratory flow as a screening tool for nasal obstruction.

Background: The peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) is used as an outcome measure in post-treatment clinical and research evaluation. It is simple and cost effective. The validity of the use as a screening tool has never been assessed

Objective: To assess its validity and to define the cut-off point of determining the nasal obstruction

Material And Method: The nasal patency of 141 ambulatory subjects with or without sino-nasal diseases was measured by the PNIF and active anterior rhinomanometry.

Comparison of buffered and nonbuffered nasal saline irrigations in treating allergic rhinitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: We aimed to study the effect of alkalinity of isotonic nasal saline irrigation on nasal symptoms, mucociliary clearance, nasal patency, and patient's preference in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Study Design: A double-blind, randomized, three-arm crossover study.

Methods: Patients with AR were enrolled.