Long-term follow-up implant site development in the submerged mandibular primary second molars: a case report.

Treatment of ankylosed and submerged primary molars without permanent successors is challenging, as normal vertical dentoalveolar growth is compromised. Thus, grafting techniques and distraction osteogenesis are performed for ridge augmentation before implant restoration. However, these techniques are invasive with limited success.

Part II. What drives Korean adults to seek orthodontic treatment: Factors contributing to orthodontic treatment decisions.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the perceptions of orthodontic treatment among Korean adults and determine the factors that drive them to seek orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A total of 2,321 adults aged 19-64 years were surveyed using an internet research system from a specialized research company. The participants were divided into the following groups based on their experience of and willingness to undergo orthodontic treatment: experience, acceptance, and non-acceptance groups.

Part I. What drives Korean adults to seek orthodontic treatment: Reliability and validity of a measurement instrument for the perception of orthodontic treatment.

Objective: To develop a standardized instrument to measure the level of cognition for orthodontic treatment in adults, and verify its reliability and validity for assessing perceptions of orthodontic treatment in adults.

Methods: A total of 406 adults aged 19-64 years were surveyed by an internet research system. A tool was developed through the instrument development and verification stages.