Examining Social Anxiety Symptoms with Early Maladaptive Schemas: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness and Self-Compassion.

Objective: This study aims to determine early maladaptive schema domains that significantly predict social anxiety symptoms in university students and to examine whether mindfulness and self-compassion play mediating roles in the correlation of these schema domains with social anxiety symptoms.

Method: 440 students from various departments of universities participated in the study. Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Young Schema QuestionnaireShort Form 3, Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, and Self-Compassion Scale were used to evaluate social anxiety, early maladaptive schema domains, mindfulness, and self-compassion, respectively.

Metacognitions in smoking: Evidence from a cross-cultural validation of the metacognitions about smoking questionnaire in a Turkish sample.

Metacognitions about the positive and negative effects of smoking have been associated with cigarette use and nicotine dependence. The aim of the present study was to validate the Turkish version of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ; Nikčević et al., 2015).

Modelling the contribution of negative affect, outcome expectancies and metacognitions to cigarette use and nicotine dependence.

Background: Both positive smoking outcome expectancies and metacognitions about smoking have been found to be positively associated with cigarette use and nicotine dependence. The goal of this study was to test a model including nicotine dependence and number of daily cigarettes as dependent variables, anxiety and depression as independent variables, and smoking outcome expectancies and metacognitions about smoking as mediators between the independents and dependents.

Methods: The sample consisted of 524 self-declared smokers who scored 3 or above on the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND: Uysal et al.