Comparison of endosonography-guided vs. percutaneous biliary stenting when papilla is inaccessible for ERCP.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and biliary stenting fails in 5-10% patients of malignant biliary obstruction because papilla is inaccessible. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is an accepted alternative. Endosonography-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has been described recently.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection -- initial experience from India: a case series of five patients.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an established modality of treatment of mucosal and submucosal tumors (SMTs) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although the technique is established in the eastern countries, currently there are no reports of this technique from India. We present here our initial experience of 5 patients with mucosal or SMTs at various locations in the GI tract treated by ESD.