A fungal epidemic amidst a viral pandemic: Risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in India.

Purpose: To study the risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Methods: Multi-centric retrospective case-control study conducted from October 2020 to May 2021. Cases comprised of consecutive patients of COVID-19-associated ROCM (CA-ROCM) presenting at the participating ophthalmic institutes.

Rhino-orbital mucormycosis following COVID-19 in previously non-diabetic, immunocompetent patients.

Purpose: To report a series of 13 immunocompetent patients who developed new-onset uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) following COVID-19 infection and presented as rhino-orbital mucormycosis (ROM).

Method: Retrospective study.

Results: A total of 127 patients of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) were evaluated at four centres in India.

Clinical Presentations, Management and Outcomes of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) Following COVID-19: A Multi-Centric Study.

Purpose: To report clinical presentations and factors affecting outcomes in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis following COVID-19.

Methods: Retrospective multi-centric interventional case series of 58 eyes with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Demography, clinical parameters and management outcomes were noted.

An In Vitro Model Assessing the Penetration of Hyaluronidase through Optic Nerve Dura for Management of Hyaluronic Acid Facial Filler Embolism.

Background: Blindness from ophthalmic or central retinal artery embolism is one of the most devastating complications of cosmetic filler facial injections. A proposed therapy to mitigate visual loss is prompt retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase into the retrobulbar space. Despite Zhu et al.

Invasive sino-orbital fungal infections in immunocompetent patients: a clinico-pathological study.

Objective: Invasive sino-orbital fungal infections in immunocompetent patients are a rare clinical entity; the diagnosis and management of which is challenging. We present a large case series of invasive sino-orbital fungal granulomas in patients without pre-existing systemic immunocomprimising condition.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Giant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor of the Orbit: A Clinicopathological Analysis and Review of the Literature.

Aim: To describe and review the clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of an orbital perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa).

Methods: A systematic review of clinical records, radiological investigations, microscopic features, and immunohistochemical characteristics was done.

Results: A 9-year-old female child presented with a year-long history of a large orbital mass associated with painless, progressive proptosis of the right eye.

Unique case of midbrain tuberculoma presenting as isolated inferior rectus palsy with nystagmus.

Isolated brain stem tuberculoma constitutes about 5% of all intracranial tuberculomas. A case of isolated inferior rectus palsy with downbeat nystagmus due to presumed midbrain tuberculoma in an immunocompetent patient is described here. This report documents a rare entity of a combination of partial third nerve palsy with pupil involvement along with downbeat nystagmus.

Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis mimicking basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid: A case report and review of literature.

We present the case of a 46 years old gentleman with longstanding ulcerative lesion of the right upper eyelid. Biopsy of the lesion revealed intracellular periodic acid-Schiff positive round to oval organisms with a surrounding clear halo suggestive of histoplasmosis. Histoplasma capsulatum specific polymerase chain reaction was positive.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis of the orbit: a case report and review of literature.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis is a rare condition presenting with tumefactive lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, upper respiratory tract and rarely the orbit; and has characteristic histopathological features. We report the case of a 38-year-old lady with a mass lesion in right orbit. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen revealed extensive areas of perivascular fibrosis showing a characteristic angiocentric whirling with onion skin pattern; along with perivascular exudates of eosinophils accompanied by collection of plasma cells and lymphocytes.

Unusual case of temporal dermoid cyst presenting as oculomotor nerve palsy.

Dermoid cysts are choristomas resulting from the inclusion of ectodermal tissue during closure of the neural tube and occur along the epithelial lines of fusion. Frontotemporal dermoids are the most common type and generally present as an asymptomatic mass. We present an unusual case of frontotemporal dermoid presenting as sudden onset oculomotor nerve palsy in young male patient and describe the neurosurgical approach in its management.

Crystal-storing histiocytosis masquerading ocular adnexal lymphoma: a case report and review of literature.

A case of crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of orbit is reported. The patient was a 53-year-old man who presented with an 8-year history of a slowly enlarging tumor in his right orbit. Histopathologic examination revealed that the tumor was composed predominantly of sheets of spindle-shaped cells resembling striated muscle cells and scattered aggregates of atypical lymphoid cells, showing prominent plasmacytoid differentiation.

Superior oblique muscle entrapment in orbital fracture presenting as acquired brown-like syndrome: a case report and review of literature.

Pediatric orbital trauma with fracture involving the junction of roof and medial wall leading to superior oblique entrapment is rare. Here the authors report a case of orbital fracture at the junction of roof and medial wall with entrapment of the superior oblique muscle presenting clinically as canine tooth syndrome which was surgically released. Postoperatively, the ocular motility improved, and the patient was relieved of diplopia.

A unique case of intracorneal aberrant lenticular rest.

Phakomatous chorsitomas are rare congenital tumors of lenticular anlage believed to be caused by invagination of surface ectoderm into the mesoderm. They may present as a mass lesion in the eyelid or in the orbit. We report a rare case of lenticular anlage occurring within the corneal stroma in a 6-month-old boy.

RPE Adenocarcinoma as the Presenting Sign of Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Diagnostic Dilemma in the Management of a Case.

Neoplasms of retinal pigment epithelium are rare and must be differentiated from choroidal melanoma. The possibility of a metastatic disease with possible primary sites as lung, breast, or kidney should be ruled out. Herein we report a case of adenocarcinoma arising from the RPE with a lung lesion suspicious of bronchogenic carcinoma.