Should Surgery for Hypospadias Be Performed Before An Age of Consent?

Hypospadias is a relatively common genital condition in which the urethral opening forms on the underside of the penis, as opposed to at the tip of the glans. Patients with hypospadias are typically referred for surgery during infancy or early childhood. Recent evidence, however, indicates that many individuals with hypospadias do not experience the functional or psychosocial difficulties commonly attributed to the condition, and that surgical intervention for hypospadias carries substantial risk of adverse outcomes.

Osteopontin and interleukin-8 expression is independently associated with prostate cancer recurrence.

Purpose: Lack of reliable biomarkers limits accurate prediction of prostate-specific antigen biochemical recurrence (disease progression) in prostate cancer. The two inflammatory chemokines, osteopontin and interleukin-8 (IL-8), are associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. We investigated whether osteopontin and IL-8 expression in prostate cancer correlates with disease progression.

Nonurothelial cancer of the bladder.

In this article, we review available evidence on the treatment of patients with nonurothelial cancer of the bladder. More than 150 published works were reviewed in preparation for this summary. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are ideally treated with radical cystectomy.

Segmental multicystic dysplasia and ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a nonduplicated kidney.

A 2-month-old child presented for evaluation of prenatal hydronephrosis. Imaging studies were consistent with a right duplex system with a dysplastic, nonfunctioning upper pole and lower pole ureteropelvic junction obstruction. We proceeded with removal of the upper pole and pyeloplasty and were surprised to find a single collecting system with a cystic, dysplastic upper pole segment and the absence of an upper pole pelvis or ureter.

The diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer: from RBCs to TURs.

Timely and accurate diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer is critical for the successful management of patients with this disease. We review the literature on screening, signs and symptoms, cystoscopic evaluation, diagnostic tests, transurethral resection, and imaging. We highlight emerging areas, such as markers and fluorescence cystoscopy.

Novel use of da Vinci Robotic Surgical System: removal of seminal vesicle cyst in previously dissected pelvis.

We report a novel use of the da Vinci Robotic Surgical System to remove a seminal vesicle cyst in a previously dissected pelvis.

Intraoperative cell salvage during radical prostatectomy is not associated with greater biochemical recurrence rate.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of long-term biochemical recurrence for patients who receive cell-salvaged blood. Radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) is historically associated with the potential for significant blood loss. Different blood management strategies include blood donation, hemodilution, preoperative erythropoietin, and intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS).