Long-Term High-Fat Diet Limits the Protective Effect of Spontaneous Physical Activity on Mammary Carcinogenesis.

Breast cancer is influenced by factors such as diet, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and postmenopausal status, which are all linked to prolonged hormonal and inflammatory exposure. Physical activity offers protection against breast cancer by modulating hormones, immune responses, and oxidative defenses. This study aimed to assess how a prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) affects the effectiveness of physical activity in preventing and managing mammary tumorigenesis.

Vitamin D supplementation associated with physical exercise promotes a tolerogenic immune environment without effect on mammary tumour growth in C57BL/6 mice.

Purpose: High plasma vitamin D (VitD) level and regular exercise (Ex) are known to have anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of VitD supplementation and imposed physical Ex on mammary tumour growth and immune response in ovariectomised mice fed high-fat (HF) diet.

Methods: Ovariectomised 33-week-old mice C57BL/6 (n = 60), housed in enriched environment (EE), were fed HF diet (450 kcal/100 g) supplemented or not with VitD (HF/HF + D: 125/1225 IU/100 g) for 12 weeks and submitted or not to Ex (HF + Ex; HF + D + Ex) on treadmill (45 min/day, 5 days/week).