Candida species from oral cavity of HIV-infected children exhibit reduced virulence factors in the HAART era.

This study aimed to assess, in vitro, the biofilm viability and the phospholipase and protease production of Candida spp. from the saliva of HIV infected children and healthy controls, and to correlate the results with the use of medical data. A total of 79 isolates were analyzed: 48 Candida albicans isolates (33/15) and 20 Candida parapsilosis sensu lato complex isolates (12/8) (from HIV/control patients, respectively), and 8 Candida krusei, 1 Candida tropicalis, 1 Candida dubliniensis and 1 Candida guilliermondii from HIV patients.

Perception of laypersons and dental professionals and students as regards the aesthetic impact of gingival plastic surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the degree of perception of laypersons, professionals, and dental students, regarding the aesthetic appearance of the smile in cases of gingival plastic surgery of the maxilla for correction of a gingival smile, by examining alterations in photographs.

Materials/methods: Alterations were made to an extraoral front-view-photograph of a gingival smile in normal occlusion, by gingival recontouring of the maxilla, simulating a gingival plastic surgery procedure to diminish gingival exposure. For this purpose, specific image-manipulation program (Adobe-Photoshop-Software-CS3) was used.

Cross sectional: perception of children from public and private schools regarding the esthetic impact of different types of face masks.

Purpose: The purpose was to evaluate the esthetic perception among children from public and private schools regarding the use of different types of face masks.

Methods: Six different types of orthopedic face masks made from images of the same patient were evaluated. Initially, the images were standardized with the help of Adobe Photoshop software.

Perception of the esthetic impact of gingival smile on laypersons, dental professionals, and dental students.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate perceptions regarding esthetic appearance of the smile in cases of orthognathic surgery for correction of maxillary gingival display.

Study Design: Alterations were made to an extraoral front-view photograph of a gingival smile in normal occlusion by repositioning the maxilla to simulate bone tissue removal and gingival exposure. Images were printed on photographic paper attached to questionnaires distributed among laypersons, professionals, and dental students to evaluate degree of esthetics (n = 150).

Comparative evaluation of esthetic perception of black spaces in patients with mandibular incisor extraction.

Objective: To evaluate the degree of perception of laypersons, dental professionals, and students with regard to the esthetics of the smile in cases of mandibular incisor extractions with the presence of black spaces between them.

Materials And Methods: Changes were made to a front-view intraoral photograph of occlusion treated by means of a mandibular incisor extraction, simulating various configurations of black spaces between mandibular incisors. For this purpose, a specific image manipulation program was used (Photoshop CS3).

Perception of the esthetic impact of mandibular incisor extraction treatment on laypersons, dental professionals, and dental students.

Objective: To evaluate the degree of perception of laypersons, dental professionals, and dental students regarding dental esthetics in cases with mandibular central incisor extraction.

Materials And Methods: Using a smile photograph of a person with normal occlusion and all teeth, modifications were made to reflect the extraction of a mandibular incisor of various compositions and sizes. For this purpose a program specifically for image manipulation (Adobe Photoshop CS3, Adobe Systems Inc) was used.