Molecular Insights Into Actinic Cheilitis and Lower Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma: AURKA and AURKB Amplifications and Their Association With Tumor Microenvironment.

Background: Lip exposure to carcinogens lead to several disorders, such as actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC). Although several studies have described important pathways in lip carcinogenesis, the comprehension of association of target genes in this process and their association with tumor microenvironment still need to be better understood.

Methods: Tissue samples of 30 AC and 17 LLSCC cases were included for histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical expression of CD4, CD8, and PD-L1, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for AURKA, AURKB, TP53, PTEN, CCND1, and MYC.

Depth of invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Nos2-knockout mice correlated to alterations in systemic inflammatory markers following 4NQO treatment.

Background: Peripheral blood analysis is a non-invasive and low-cost technique of prognostic value for several diseases, including oral cancer. Considering the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in tumor-associated inflammation, this study purposed to evaluate the influence of this enzyme on peripheral blood parameters and systemic inflammatory biomarkers during murine oral carcinogenesis.

Methods: A 50 μg/mL solution of 4-nitroquinoleine-N-oxide was provided to 15 C57BL/6J (Nos2 ) and 16 B6.

OralEpitheliumDB: A Dataset for Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Image Segmentation and Classification.

Early diagnosis of potentially malignant disorders, such as oral epithelial dysplasia, is the most reliable way to prevent oral cancer. Computational algorithms have been used as an auxiliary tool to aid specialists in this process. Usually, experiments are performed on private data, making it difficult to reproduce the results.

Immunoexpression of PD-L1, CD4+ and CD8+ cell infiltrates and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the microenvironment of actinic cheilitis and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Lower lip squamous cell carcinomas (LLSCC) could be associated with a previous history of potentially malignant oral diseases (PMOD), especially actinic cheilitis (AC), with high sun exposure being a well-described risk factor. Immune evasion mechanisms, such as the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1) pathway has been gaining prominence since immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors showed a positive effect on the survival of patients with different types of neoplasms. Concomitant with the characterization of the tumor microenvironment, the expression of either or both PD-1 and PD-L1 molecules may estimate mutual relations of progression or regression of the carcinoma and prognostic values of the patient.

Differential diagnoses of solitary and multiple pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa: Evaluation of 905 specimens submitted to histopathological examination.

Background: The aim was to analyze the frequency, clinical and demographic features of solitary and multiple/diffuse oral pigmented lesions submitted to histopathological examination, and to summarize the features that guide the clinical differential diagnosis.

Methods: Clinical and demographic data were retrieved from biopsy records and descriptive statistics were performed.

Results: Nine hundred and five (0.

The role of the histones H3K9ac, H3K9me3, HP1γ, and H3K36me3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma loco-regional metastasis and relapse.

Molecular markers with unequivocal significance in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not yet been identified. Histones are DNA-binding proteins that can regulate gene expression, and some studies have shown that such proteins are implicated with tumor development and progression. This study aimed to investigate the expression of some histone modifications in OSCC and their roles in cervical lymph node metastasis.

A retrospective study of 30 basal cell adenomas of the salivary gland in a Brazilian population and literature review.

Purpose: The present study aimed to provide the clinicopathological data of Brazilian patients with basal cell adenoma (BCA).

Methods: Records of BCA cases were retrospectively gathered from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute database between 1996 and 2006. All cases were histopathologically reviewed, and the clinicopathological data were collected from the patients' medical files.

Upregulation of tropomyosin alpha-4 chain in patients' saliva with oral squamous cell carcinoma as demonstrated by Phage display.

Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) present significant alterations in their saliva proteome. We have used the shotgun Phage Display (PD) technology to identify candidate proteins that were upregulated in saliva of OSCC by selecting ligands to salivary proteins from a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) PD combinatorial library. After two selection cycles, the highly reactive clone scFv-D09 was able to distinguish saliva of OSCC patients from healthy subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with sensitivity and specificity of 96.

The importance of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine as prognostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The prognosis of human cancer depends on the deregulations of many molecular patterns. In recent years, a great interest in the intracellular signaling mechanisms related to nitric oxide (NO)-induced carcinogenesis has appeared, as one of the most preeminent prognostic markers for many types of neoplasms. In this study, we identify the levels of iNOS and nitrotyrosine in the sample of normal oral mucosa (NOM), oral leukoplakia (OL), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Multiple calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor: case report and review of the literature.

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign neoplasm, and few cases of multiple lesions have been published. This article reports the case of a 26-year-old male patient with bilateral gingival lesions near the maxillary canines and a hard tumor on the left side of the mandible. All lesions presented mixed radiographic appearance (radiolucent and radiopaque).

Odontogenic carcinosarcoma: morphologic and immunohistochemical description of a case.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to describe an extremely rare case of odontogenic carcinosarcoma and compare the findings with those of a literature review.

Study Design: The clinical and pathologic data of an odontogenic carcinosarcoma affecting the posterior maxilla of a 42-year-old male patient was described. The lesion was immunostained for cell-cycle, cytokeratin, and mesenchymal markers.

Reduced CD8 T cells infiltration can be associated to a malignant transformation in potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expressions of PD1, CD4, and CD8 in premalignant lesions (OPML) that were transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC (OPML-OSCC), in OSCC and also in premalignant lesions that were not transformed into OSCC (OPML-NOSSC).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analyses were performed in order to verify the demographic characteristics of the patients. CD4, CD8, and PD1 IMH studies were carried out on OPML and OSCC samples from 11 patients with OPML-OSCC and OPML, together with samples from 14 patients with OPML-NOSCC.

Pathologic significance of AKT, mTOR, and GSK3β proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma-affected patients.

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases are kinases that lead to AKT phosphorylation and thus mTOR and GSK3β activation. These proteins are linked to tumorigenesis, but their roles in driving cervical lymph node (CLN) metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of AKT, mTOR, and GSK3β proteins in the occurrence of CLN metastasis in OSCC patients.

Evaluation of specific modified histones in lip carcinogenesis.

Objective: Histones regulate chromatin density and therefore influence gene expression and cellular proliferation. These properties are modified by methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation of histones. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of specific modified histones in actinic cheilitis (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lip (SCCL).

Variation of Energy in Photobiomodulation for the Control of Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Clinical Study in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent and severe adverse effect of therapy against head and neck cancer. Photobiomodulation with the low-power laser is known to be effective against OM, but the diversity of protocols and the possibility of stimulating residual tumor cells are still obstacles. The present study aimed to compare two doses of laser energy delivered to the oral mucosa of patients under oncologic treatment for head and neck cancer, looking for differences in the control of mucositis, as well as in the frequency of tumoral recurrences.

Oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 32 cases in a Brazilian population.

Background: Oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors (OPNSTs) are reactive or neoplastic diseases that develop from proliferation of the nerve itself or their limiting sheaths. Here we describe the clinicopathologic data of OPNSTs observed in a sample of the Brazilian population and evaluate the expression of molecules associated with neural biology to determine their usefulness in the diagnosis.

Material And Methods: Descriptive study of cases diagnosed as OPNSTs, from the Pathology Laboratory at the School of Dentistry/ Federal University of Uberlandia, followed by an immunohistochemical study of S-100, CD57, neurofilament protein (NFP) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).

Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Here is described a case of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS) affecting the posterior mandible of a woman who was treated surgically and recovered without signs of recurrence or metastasis after 12 years of follow-up. Tumor sections were immunostained for cell cycle, epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Immunohistochemical analysis evidenced high Ki-67 positivity in stromal cells (mean of 20.

Involvement of oral tissues by AL amyloidosis: a literature review and report of eight new cases.

Objective: Amyloidosis is a term used to describe a group of diseases in which there is an extracellular deposition of amorphous fibrillar proteins known as amyloid. The aim of this study was to present clinicopathological data from eight oral amyloidosis-affected patients and a deep review of the literature about the disease.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted based on the records of oral amyloidosis-affected patients diagnosed in our institution between 1978 and 2012.

Adenoid ameloblastoma: clinicopathologic description of five cases and systematic review of the current knowledge.

Objective: To describe the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of five cases of adenoid ameloblastoma.

Study Design: Clinicopathologic data were gathered from medical records and compared with those compiled from a systematic review. Slides were also immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, p16, p53, and cytokeratins (7, 8, 14, 18, and 19).

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: report of 7 new cases and systematic review of the current knowledge.

Objective: The goal of this study is to describe 7 cases of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma among a Brazilian population and compare these data with a systematic review of the English-language literature.

Study Design: Descriptive statististics were used to compare the clinicopathologic data gathered retrospectively with those compiled from a review. Tumor sections were immunostained for Ki-67, p16, p53, and cytokeratins (CKs) 7, 8, 14, 18, and 19.

Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers at the invasive front of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignances. In epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), epithelial cells switch to mesenchymal-like cells exhibiting high mobility. This migratory phenotype is significant during tumor invasion and metastasis.

Primary amelanotic mucosal melanoma of the oronasal region: report of two new cases and literature review.

Primary amelanotic mucosal melanoma is a rare entity with challenging histopathological features. Because these tumors are thought to be biologically more aggressive, they have a poorer prognosis than that of pigmented melanomas. In this work, we present a literature review about the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features of primary amelanotic mucosal melanoma of the oronasal region and report two new cases.