Achieving property enhancements in dental resin composites via reduced concentrations of camphorquinone within a ternary initiator system.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the impact of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) on the physicochemical properties of experimental resin composites (ECRs) featuring reduced concentrations of camphorquinone (CQ)/amine.

Methods: Five concentrations of CQ (0.125, 0.

Evaluating antimicrobial, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of glass ionomer cement modified by chitosan and hydroxyapatite.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess antimicrobial efficacy, cytotoxicity, and cytokine release (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) from human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) of chitosan (CH) and hydroxyapatite (HAp)-modified glass ionomer cements (GIC).

Methods: GICs with varied CH and HAp concentrations (0 %, 0.16 %, 2 %, 5 %, 10 %) were tested against S.

Chemistry of novel and contemporary resin-based dental adhesives.

The chemistry of resin-based dental adhesives is critical for its interaction with dental tissues and long-term bonding stability. Changes in dental adhesives composition influences the materials' key physical-chemical properties, such as rate and degree of conversion, water sorption, solubility, flexural strength and modulus, and cohesive strength and improves the biocompatibility to dental tissues. Maintaining a suitable reactivity between photoinitiators and monomers is important for optimal properties of adhesive systems, in order to enable adequate polymerisation and improved chemical, physical and biological properties.

Bis(4-methyl phenyl)iodonium as an alternative component to diphenyliodonium in camphorquinone-based ternary initiating systems.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of different co-initiators (diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate - DPI - and bis(4-methyl phenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate - BPI) on chemical and mechanical properties of resins.

Methods: Nine experimental resins (50% Bis-GMA and 50% TEGDMA, w/w) with 60 wt% filler particles were formulated. The initiating system used was camphorquinone (CQ-1 mol%) and ethyl dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB-2 mol%).

The influence of nanofillers on the properties of ethanol-solvated and non-solvated dental adhesives.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of nanofillers on the chemical and physical properties of ethanol-solvated and non-solvated dental adhesives.

Materials And Methods: Eight experimental adhesives were prepared with different nanofiller concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 4 wt%) and 2 solvent concentrations (0% and 10% ethanol). Several properties of the experimental adhesives were evaluated, such as water sorption and solubility ( = 5, 20 seconds light activation), real-time degree of conversion (DC; = 3, 20 and 40 seconds light activation), and stability of cohesive strength at 6 months (CS; = 20, 20 seconds light activation) using the microtensile test.

Increased rates of photopolymerisation by ternary type II photoinitiator systems in dental resins.

To evaluate the effects of Type I and Type II photoinitiator systems on curing efficiency, degree of conversion (DC) and chemico-physical properties of resin based materials. A comonomer base containing 50%wt 2.2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (bis-GMA) and 50%wt triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was formulated with either 0.

Effects of a bleaching agent on properties of commercial glass-ionomer cements.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of a bleaching agent on the composition, mechanical properties, and surface topography of 6 conventional glass-ionomer cements (GICs) and one resin-modified GIC.

Materials And Methods: For 3 days, the specimens were subjected to three 20-minute applications of a 37% HO-based bleaching agent and evaluated for water uptake (WTK), weight loss (WL), compressive strength (CS), and Knoop hardness number (KHN). Changes in surface topography and chemical element distribution were also analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Influence of Nd:YAG laser on the penetration of a bioceramic root canal sealer into dentinal tubules: A confocal analysis.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study, is to evaluate the penetration of a bioceramic root canal sealer into dentinal tubules at 3 mm and 5 mm from the apex after Nd:YAG laser irradiation.

Methods: Forty freshly extracted human mandibular premolars were prepared using Reciproc® and irrigated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Teeth were divided into 4 groups: group 1, obturated with control sealer (AH Plus®); group 2, obturated with bioceramic sealer (Endosequence BC Sealer®); group 3, Nd:YAG laser + control sealer (AH Plus®); and group 4, Nd:YAG laser + bioceramic sealer (Endosequence BC Sealer®).

Influence of light-curing unit on the network structure and mechanical properties of model resin cements containing diphenyliodonium compared with a commercial reference.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of dyphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) on crosslink density (CLD), flexural strength (FS), and flexural modulus (FM) of a light-cured experimental resin cement compared with a commercial dual-cured cement.

Materials And Methods: Bis-GMA combined with TEGDMA (50-50%) was used as resin matrix. Silanated barium-aluminum-silica glass was used as inorganic filler.

Effects of radiant exposure and wavelength spectrum of light-curing units on chemical and physical properties of resin cements.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the influence of different radiant exposures provided by single-peak and polywave light-curing units (LCUs) on the degree of conversion (DC) and the mechanical properties of resin cements.

Materials And Methods: Six experimental groups were established for each cement (RelyX ARC, 3M ESPE; LuxaCore Dual, Ivoclar Vivadent; Variolink, DMG), according to the different radiant exposures (5, 10, and 20 J/cm) and two LCUs (single-peak and polywave). The specimens were made (7 mm in length × 2 mm in width × 1 mm in height) using silicone molds.

Effect of diphenyliodonium hexafluorphosphate on resin cements containing different concentrations of ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate as co-initiators.

Objective: The present study evaluated the influence of diphenyliodonium hexafluorphosphate (DPI) combined with two different amines [ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (EDAB) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA)] on the properties of model resin cements.

Methods: A comonomer base containing a 1:1 mass ratio of 2.2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (bis-GMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was obtained, after which 1mol% of camphorquinone and 0.

Effect of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate on the physical and chemical properties of ethanolic solvated resins containing camphorquinone and 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione sensitizers as initiators.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of the diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) on the physical and mechanical properties of solvated dental adhesive resins containing camphorquinone (CQ) and/or 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione (PPD) as initiators.

Methods: Model solvated resins containing bisphenol glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA); triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate (GDMA); 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA); dimethylaminoethyl amine benzoate (EDAB) and ethanol were prepared. The resins were divided in 24 test groups according to the incorporated initiator systems (CQ-0.

Antioxidant therapy enhances pulpal healing in bleached teeth.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effects of an antioxidant therapy on the pulp tissue of rat teeth exposed to a bleaching gel with 35% hydrogen peroxide.

Materials And Methods: Forty rats were subjected to oral ingestion by gavage of distilled water (DW) or ascorbic acid (AA) 90 min before the bleaching therapy. For the bleaching treatment, the agent was applied twice for 5 min each to buccal surfaces of the first right mandibular molars.

Influence of irrigation protocols on the bond strength of fiber posts cemented with a self-adhesive luting agent 24 hours after endodontic treatment.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different irrigation protocols on the bond strength, at different root depths, of fiber posts cemented with a self-adhesive cement 24 hours after endodontic treatment. Fifty-six bovine incisor roots were endodontically prepared and separated into 7 groups (n = 8) according to irrigation protocols: group 1, sterile saline (control); group 2, chlorhexidine (CHX) gel 2% and saline; group 3, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% and saline; group 4, CHX and saline (final irrigation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] 17%); group 5, NaOCl and saline (final irrigation with EDTA); group 6, CHX and saline (final irrigation with NaOCl and EDTA); and group 7, NaOCl (final irrigation with CHX and EDTA).

Effect of light curing protocol on degree of conversion of composites.

Objective: To evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of two light-cured composites with different protocols of light curing.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and ninety two specimens (n = 8) were prepared (5 mm × 2 mm) according to experimental groups: two composite resins (Filtek Supreme and four seasons); three light curing protocols [20 s with the tip of the light curing unit (LCU) device touching composite surface (C); 20 s with the tip of the LCU at 8 mm distant from composite surface (D); and tip of the LCU at 8 mm distant from composite surface and polymerization time required to obtain a radiant exposure of 16 J/cm(2) (DS)]. Four LCUs (Bluephase 16i, Ultralume LED 5, XL 3000 and Optilux 501C) were used.

Influence of photo-curing distance on bond strength and nanoleakage of self-etching adhesive bonds to enamel and dentin.

Objectives: To assess the influence of light-curing unit tip distance on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage of self-etching adhesives to enamel and dentin.

Materials And Methods: Flat buccal surfaces were prepared on 198 bovine incisors. The teeth were randomly assigned into nine groups for μTBS (n = 8) and nanoleakage (n = 3) testing according to the adhesive system (Clearfil Protect Bond, Clearfil Tri-S Bond or One Up Bond F Plus) and distance from the light-curing tip (0, 3 or 6 mm).

The effect of surface treatment and bonding procedures on the bond strength of silorane composite repairs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatments and adhesive protocols on the microtensile bond strength of a low-shrinkage composite repair.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-six blocks of composite resin Filtek LS were prepared using a half-hourglass-shaped silicone matrix. The specimens were storage for 24 h in distilled water and were randomly divided into the experimental (6) and negative control (2) groups (n = 12) according to the surface treatment (diamond bur and aluminum oxide sandblasting) and adhesive protocol (none; Filtek LS adhesive; phosphoric acid + Filtek LS adhesive; and phosphoric acid + silane + Filtek LS adhesive).

Effect of fluoride-treated enamel on indirect cytotoxicity of a 16% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel to pulp cells.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of fluoride solutions applied to enamel to protect pulp cells against the trans-enamel and transdentinal cytotoxicity of a 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel. The CP gel was applied to enamel/dentin discs adapted to aicial pulp chambers (8 h/day) during 1, 7 or 14 days, followed by fluoride (0.05% or 0.

Effect of low-level laser therapy on odontoblast-like cells exposed to bleaching agent.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells exposed to carbamide peroxide (CP 0.01%-2.21 μg/mL of H2O2).

A complete esthetic approach with multiple diastemata in anterior teeth: 1-year follow-up.

Anterior diastemata and discolored teeth may interfere with the harmony of a person's smile. This article presents a case involving multidisciplinary intervention for esthetic treatment utilizing integrated microabrasion, dental bleaching, and restorative solutions. The relevant aspects of etiology and treatment planning are discussed.

Toxic effects of daily applications of 10% carbamide peroxide on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells.

Background: bleaching has been widely studied, mainly due to the possible undesirable effects that can be caused by this esthetic procedure. The cytotoxicity of the bleaching agents and its components to pulp cells has been demonstrated in several researches. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of successive applications of 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel on odontoblast-like cells.

Knoop hardness and effectiveness of dual-cured luting systems and flowable resin to bond leucite-reinforced ceramic to enamel.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Knoop microhardness and microshear bond strength (MSBS) of dual-cured luting systems and flowable resin bonded to leucite-reinforced ceramics and enamel.

Materials And Methods: Eighty bovine incisors were randomly divided into four groups per test (microhardness and microshear; n = 10) according to the bonding procedure: Excite DSC/Variolink, Clearfil SE Bond/Panavia F, Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus/RelyX ARC, and Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350 Flow. For the KHN measurement, the cement was applied on the enamel surface and light-cured through a ceramic disk (5 mm diameter × 1.

Mechanical properties and degree of conversion of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems cured by a quartz tungsten halogen lamp and a light-emitting diode.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), elastic modulus (E), and flexural strength (FS) of five adhesive systems (only the bonding component of both Scotchbond MP-SBMP and Clearfil Protect Bond-CP; Single Bond 2-SB2; One-up Bond F Plus-OUP; and P90 System Adhesive: primer-P90P and bond-P90B) cured with a quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamp and a light-emitting diode (LED). Two groups per adhesive were formed (n=5), according to the light source (quartz tungsten halogen-QTH: Demetron LC; and light-emitting diode-LED: UltraLume 5). Bar-shaped specimens were evaluated using three-point bending.

Influence of light source and extended time of curing on microhardness and degree of conversion of different regions of a nanofilled composite resin.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light sources and curing time on the degree of conversion and microhardness of two surfaces within a nanofilled composite resin.

Methods: Four experimental groups (n=10) were formed in accordance with the light source (quartz-tungsten halogen (QTH - 600mW/cm(2)), or light-emitting-diode (LED - 800mW/cm(2))) and the time of curing (20 s or 40 s). The specimens were prepared with a circular mould (5 mm ∅ and 2 mm thick), according to the respective protocol, and the Knoop microhardness and degree of conversion was measured at the top and the base of the specimens.