New biocatalyst produced from fermented biomass: improvement of adsorptive characteristics and application in aroma synthesis.

This study presents a novel approach to producing activated carbon from agro-industrial residues, specifically cocoa fruit peel, using solid-state fermentation (SSF) with . The process effectively degrades lignin, a major impediment in traditional activated carbon production, resulting in a high-quality carbon material. This carbon was successfully utilized for enzyme immobilization and aroma synthesis, showcasing its potential as a versatile biocatalyst.

Synthesis of hexyl butyrate (apple and citrus aroma) by lipase immobilized on Diaion HP-20 using the Box-Behnken design.

Unlabelled: This study aims at the synthesis of hexyl butyrate by lipase (CRL) immobilized on Diaion HP 20. The lipase load used was 28.7 ± 2.

Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on hydrophobic support Accurel MP 1000 in the synthesis of emollient esters.

Objectives: To immobilize Candida rugosa lipase in Accurel MP 1000 (CRL-AMP) by physical adsorption in organic medium and apply in the synthesis of wax esters dodecanoyl octadecanoate 1 and hexadecanoyl octadecanoate 2 in a heptane medium, as well as evaluating the stability and recyclability of CRL-AMP in six reaction cycles.

Results: The specific activity (A) for CRL-AMP was 200 ± 20 U mg. Its catalytic activity was 1300 ± 100 U g.

Application of lipase immobilized on a hydrophobic support for the synthesis of aromatic esters.

The present study aimed at preparing three biocatalysts via physical adsorption of lipases from Candida rugosa (CRL), Mucor javanicus, and Candida sp. on a hydrophobic and mesoporous support (Diaion HP-20). These biocatalysts were later applied to the synthesis of aromatic esters of apple peel and citrus (hexyl butyrate), apple and rose (geranyl butyrate), and apricot and pineapple (propyl butyrate).

Performance of Different Immobilized Lipases in the Syntheses of Short- and Long-Chain Carboxylic Acid Esters by Esterification Reactions in Organic Media.

Short-chain alkyl esters and sugar esters are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to their flavor and emulsifying characteristics, respectively. Both compounds can be synthesized via biocatalysis using lipases. This work aims to compare the performance of commercial lipases covalently attached to dry acrylic beads functionalized with oxirane groups (lipases from type B-IMMCALB-T2-350, -IMMAPF-T2-150, and -IMMTLL-T2-150) and a home-made biocatalyst (lipase from adsorbed onto silica coated with octyl groups, named PFL-octyl-silica) in the syntheses of short- and long-chain carboxylic acid esters.