Deep eutectic solvent enhances antibacterial activity of a modular lytic enzyme against Acinetobacter baumannii.

In this study, we evaluated the combined effect between MLE-15, a modular lytic enzyme composed of four building blocks, and reline, a natural deep eutectic solvent. The bioinformatic analysis allowed us to determine the spatial architecture of MLE-15, whose components were bactericidal peptide cecropin A connected via a flexible linker to the cell wall binding domain (CBD) of mesophilic 201ϕ2 - 1 endolysin and catalytic domain (EAD) of highly thermostable Ph2119 endolysin. The modular enzyme showed high thermostability with the melting temperature of 93.

Protein aggregation and glycation in Escherichia coli exposed to desiccation-rehydration stress.

In natural environments, bacteria often enter a state of anhydrobiosis due to water loss. Multiple studies have demonstrated that desiccation may lead to protein aggregation and glycation both in vivo and in vitro. However, the exact effects of water-loss-induced proteotoxic stress and the interplay between protein glycation and aggregation in bacteria remain elusive.

Antibiotic Heteroresistance in .

is one of the most common pathogens responsible for infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and bacteremias. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant was recognized in 2017 by the World Health Organization as a critical public health threat. Heteroresistance, defined as the presence of a subpopulation of cells with a higher MIC than the dominant population, is a frequent phenotype in many pathogens.

Mechanisms Protecting against Multiple Stresses Triggered by the Host Immune Response, Antibiotics and Outside-Host Environment.

is considered one of the most persistent pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections. Due to the emergence of multidrug resistant strains, as well as high morbidity and mortality caused by this pathogen, was placed on the World Health Organization (WHO) drug-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance research priority list. This review summarizes current studies on mechanisms that protect against multiple stresses caused by the host immune response, outside host environment, and antibiotic treatment.