Cognitive outcome of 458 children over 25 years of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism.

Objectives: To describe the neurocognitive profile of 458 children with congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening, followed under the same treatment protocol over 25 years. To correlate estimated full-scale IQ (FSIQ) scores with age at the start of treatment, disease severity, and maternal education.

Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective, and longitudinal cohort study, that evaluated children detected between 1991 and 2014, who underwent at least one psychometric assessment (WPPSI- R and/or WISC-III).

Growth Hormone Treatment for Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age.

Despite the difficulty to define born small for gestational age (SGA), being SGA has been associated with a higher risk of short stature, early-onset and rapid progression of puberty, neurocognitive dysfunctions, alterations in body composition, bone density, glucose and lipid metabolism and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases later in life. The majority of children born SGA experience spontaneous catch-up growth during the first years of life. For those who remain with short stature, treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) may be initiated, preferably after 2-4 years of age.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Growth and growth hormone therapy in short children born preterm.

Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm across the world every year, with less than 37 completed weeks of gestation. Survival rates increased during the last decades with the improvement of neonatal care. With premature birth, babies are deprived of the intense intrauterine growth phase, and postnatal growth failure might occur.

Endovascular Therapeutic Occlusion of the Posterior Cerebral Artery: An Option for Ruptured Giant Aneurysm in a Child.

The incidence of intracranial aneurysms in the pediatric population is low, and surgical clipping remains a good long-term treatment option. However, posterior circulation aneurysms are even more complex to manage in children than in adults. We report a case of a giant aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery in a 10-year-old boy presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Clinical and laboratory features of children and adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis in southern Brazil.

Objective: To characterize the phenotype of patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to dyshormonogenesis, and to hypothesize on the degree of genetic defect.

Subjects And Methods: Patients with dyshormonogenesis were subdivided into G1 (radioactive iodine uptake, RAIU > 15%; n = 62) and G2 (RAIU < 15%; n = 32). Thyroglobulin (TG) was measured in all patients; perchlorate discharge test (PDT) was performed in G1; and saliva-to-plasma radioiodine ratio (I- S/P) in G2.

[Growth of preterm-born children].

Children born prematurely might experience a period of growth restriction just after birth. Catch-up growth begins during the first months of life and can be slow and progressive. These children may remain shorter and thinner throughout infancy and childhood compared to children born at term.