Detection of Vancomycin Resistance among Methicillin-Resistant Strains Recovered from Children with Invasive Diseases in a Reference Pediatric Hospital.

Vancomycin is the cornerstone in treating methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infections. However, therapeutic failures can occur when MRSA strains with decreased susceptibility to glycopeptides (DSG) are involved. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize DSG in MRSA recovered from children with invasive diseases at a reference pediatric hospital between 2009 and 2019.

type b invasive infections in children hospitalized between 2000 and 2017 in a Pediatric Reference Hospital (PRH).

Background: Uruguay incorporated the conjugate vaccine against b (Hib) in 1994. In 2008, the vaccine was changed from one with natural conjugated capsular polysaccharide to one with a synthetic polysaccharide component. We describe the frequency and characteristics of invasive Hib infections in children hospitalized in a Pediatric Reference Hospital (PRH) between January 1st, 2000 and December 31st, 2017.

[Active surveillance of febrile seizures associated to DPT vaccines in a sentinel hospital in Uruguay].

Background: Febrile seizures are VAERS often associated with whole-cells Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus vaccines.

Aim: To analyze the association of febrile seizures with the administration of pentavalent vaccine in children under two-years-old assisted in the Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR), in Montevideo during 2014.

Methods: Self-controlled case series study.

[Incidence of group B streptococcal early-onset sepsis in infants born at Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell between 2007-2015].

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease remains the leading cause of early-onset sepsis (EOS) in developed countries despite effective prophylaxis strategies.

Aims: To describe the incidence, clinical features and mortality of GBS EOS in infants born at Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR) and analyse failure of adherence to prevention strategies.

Methods: Retrospective review of EOS cases between 2007 and 2015 collected from the bacteriology laboratory database.

Pneumococcal Meningitis Before and After Universal Vaccination With Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines 7/13, Impact on Pediatric Hospitalization in Public and Nonpublic Institutions, in Uruguay.

This is the first study showing the impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis in Latin America; a significant (63.5%) reduction in hospitalization was observed during the first 6 years after starting vaccination. A 90% reduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines 7/13 serotypes was observed (P < 0.

Changes in hospitalizations for pneumonia after universal vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines 7/13 valent and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Uruguay.

Background: In 1994, Uruguay included Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) conjugated vaccine in a 3 + 1 schedule. In March 2008, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7) was included in a 2 +1 schedule. In 2010, 13-valent PCV replaced PCV7.

[Psychoactive Drug Use by Youth in a Post Armed-Conflict Region].

Introduction: There are no studies in Colombia on the use of psychoactive substances (PAS) by post armed-conflict population to serve as guide for prevention programs and to account for the potential impact armed conflict may have upon this area.

Objective: To describe the use of PAS in young students in a post-conflict region.

Methodology: A quantitative-descriptive study involving the totality of students of the township of Viotá, Department of Cundinamarca, Colombia (1,304 participants).

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in enterobacterial clinical isolates in the paediatric hospital of Uruguay.

Objectives: To analyse the prevalence of resistance to β-lactams and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in the paediatric hospital of Uruguay.

Methods: A total of 368 enterobacterial isolates collected between 1 May and 30 November 2009 were studied for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), qnr alleles and aac(6')Ib by phenotypic and molecular methods. The genomic context and transferability of β-lactamase and qnr genes were examined by PCR and conjugation, respectively.

Impact of universal pneumococcal vaccination on hospitalizations for pneumonia and meningitis in children in Montevideo, Uruguay.

Background: In March 2008, Uruguay included PCV7 into the routine vaccination program, in a 2 + 1 schedule for children <2 years of age. Catch-up immunization was offered to children born in 2007. Greater than 95% of children received their first and second doses.

[A strategy for the management of hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infections].

Objectives: To improve the quality of care provided to hospitalized children having acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), to increase the knowledge on this health condition, and to broaden the utilization of health care resources through a program called "Winter Plan".

Methods: The program comprised the use of guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, disease-oriented hospitalizations to provide an increased level of care, management of health care resources and implementation of computerized medical records. Systematic investigation of viral etiology was performed in order to rationalize the use of medications and reduce nosocomial infections.