Comparison of Automated Breast Ultrasound and Hand-Held Breast Ultrasound in the Screening of Dense Breasts.

Objective:  To compare hand-held breast ultrasound (HHBUS) and automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) as screening tool for cancer.

Methods:  A cross-sectional study in patients with mammographically dense breasts was conducted, and both HHBUS and ABUS were performed. Hand-held breast ultrasound was acquired by radiologists and ABUS by mammography technicians and analyzed by breast radiologists.

Biochemical markers of muscle damage and high serum concentration of creatine kinase in patients on statin therapy.

Some patients experience statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and elevated serum concentrations of CK. The relationship between SAMS and biomarkers of muscle damage was examined. We analyzed 359 consecutive patients taking statins with high CK values.

Consumption of animal-based and processed food associated with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis biomarkers in men.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of food consumption in apparently healthy men and their association with cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: In this observational study, 88 men had their food standard obtained through the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Associations of dietary patterns with cardiovascular risk factors, such as anthropometric data, laboratory and clinical evaluations, carotid-femoral arterial stiffness (IMT) and pulse wave velocity were evaluated.

Dysregulation of insulin levels in Chagas heart disease is associated with altered adipocytokine levels.

Metabolic, inflammatory, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction are present in patients with heart failure. However, whether these changes are due to left ventricular dysfunction or heart failure etiology is unknown. We evaluated metabolism and inflammatory activity in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and Chagas cardiomyopathy (CHG) and their correlation with the ANS.

Factors Associated to Apical Root Resorption after Orthodontic Treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the possible factors associated to root resorption, common to daily clinical orthodontics, especially parafunctional habits.

Methods: A retrospective study of 600 patients (308 females and 292 males) previously treated orthodontically was conducted. The sample was divided into two groups related to the degree of root resorption at the ending of treatment according to Malmgren.

Comparison of Changes in Incisors Position in Cases Treated with Damon Self-Ligating and Conventional Fixed Appliances.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the changes in maxillary and mandibular incisors position in cases treated with Damon self-ligating and conventional fixed appliances.

Methods: The sample comprised 51 patients with Class I malocclusion, mild to moderate crowding, treated without extractions, divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of 20 patients treated with Damon self-ligating appliance, with a mean initial age of 15.00 years, treated for a mean period of 2.

Herd-level prevalence and risk factors for bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in cattle in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil.

Serological surveys based on a planned sampling on bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in Brazilian cattle herds are scarce. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine herd- and animal-level seroprevalences and to identify risk factors associated with herd-level seroprevalence for BVDV infection in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, from September 2012 to January 2013. The state was divided into three sampling strata, and for each stratum, the prevalence of herds infected with BVDV and the prevalence of seropositive animals was estimated by a two-stage sampling survey.

The social context and the need of information from patients with epilepsy: evaluating a tertiary referral service.

Objective: Characterize the social profile and the need of information from patients with refractory epilepsy.

Method: A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 103 patients to investigate sociodemographic aspects, pharmacotherapy and any doubts about epilepsy.

Results: Patients were highly dependent on having a free and accessible supply of antiepileptic drugs.

Serological evidence and risk factors associated with Caprine herpesvirus 1 in dairy goat flocks in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil.

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the flock-level seroprevalence of Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) and Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and 2 (BoHV-2) and risk factors associated with CpHV-1 in dairy goat flocks from a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. A total of 1,034 serum samples from 110 flocks were collected from March 2009 through March 2010. A structured questionnaire focusing on variables related to risk factors for CpHV-1 infection was given to each farmer at the time of blood collection.

Changes in cardiac heparan sulfate proteoglycan expression and streptozotocin-induced diastolic dysfunction in rats.

Background: Changes in the proteoglycans glypican and syndecan-4 have been reported in several pathological conditions, but little is known about their expression in the heart during diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo heart function changes and alterations in mRNA expression and protein levels of glypican-1 and syndecan-4 in cardiac and skeletal muscles during streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by STZ administration.

Immunohistochemical approach to the pathogenesis of clinical cases of bovine Herpesvirus type 5 infections.

Meningoencephalitis by Herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) in cattle has some features that are similar to those of herpetic encephalitis in humans and other animal species. Human Herpesvirus 3 (commonly known as Varicella-zoster virus 1), herpes simplex viruses (HSV), and equid Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) induce an intense inflammatory, vascular and cellular response. In spite of the many reports describing the histological lesions associated with natural and experimental infections, the immunopathological mechanisms for the development of neurological disorder have not been established.