Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of rapidly-growing mycobacteria: an alternative tool for identification and typing.

Objectives: Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) have emerged as important pathogens in clinical settings, associated with esthetic procedures and postsurgical infections, pulmonary infections among cystic fibrosis patients, and other structural pulmonary diseases. Microorganisms belonging to Mycobacterium abscessus-Mycobacterium chelonae and to Mycobacterium fortuitum groups have frequently been associated with outbreaks and various epidemics. In the present study, RGM strains were characterized in order to investigate molecular markers based on proteomic analysis.

A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships.

The Hyporheic Zone is among the most important interstitial freshwater habitats, but the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in this zone remains under-explored. Enterobacteria were expected to be present, but no specific studies had ever confirmed this prediction. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.

Potential enterovirulence and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from aquatic environments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Escherichia coli contamination in aquatic ecosystems has emerged as a relevant concern of public health impact, especially in developing areas. In this study, E. coli isolates were recovered from residential, industrial, agricultural, hospital wastewaters and recreational waters and, further characterized according to diarrheagenic potential, phylotyping and antimicrobial resistance phenotype.

Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae).

This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained, E. coli was identified in 19.

Molecular characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from different sources and geographic regions.

Escherichia (E.) coli serotype O157:H7 is a globally distributed human enteropathogen and is comprised of microorganisms with closely related genotypes. The main reservoir for this group is bovine bowels, and infection mainly occurs after ingestion of contaminated water and food.

Molecular characterization of uropathogenic and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes.

In this study diarrheagenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains were comparatively characterized according to serotype, hemolytic activity, protein polymorphism among housekeeping enzymes, phylogenetic group and urovirulence genes. Intra-serogroup/serotype variations were observed. Hemolytic activity was detected in 100%, 93%, 67% and 39% of UPEC, EAEC, EPEC and ETEC strains, respectively.

Molecular typing and virulence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with and without diarrhoea in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strains have been implicated as emerging aetiological agents of diarrhoea worldwide. In the present study, 43 EAEC strains were serotyped and characterized according to random amplification of polymorphic DNA profiles, PFGE, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and the presence of putative virulence genes (hly, aero, kps, fim, aggA, aafA, aggR, astA, she, aap, shf and pet). The EAEC strains consisted of a diversity of serotypes including eight O-non-typable and 35 O-typable strains arranged into 21 O : H combinations.

[Biological and molecular characteristics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated in the city of Rio de Janeiro].

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from individuals living in different areas of the city of Rio de Janeiro were characterized according to serotype, hemolytic properties, hemagglutination properties, antimicrobial susceptibility and isoenzymatic profile. The molecular approach used, together with investigation of urovirulence markers, enabled detection of great diversity among the isolates. However, closer relationships were observed between epidemiologically related Escherichia coli samples.

Distribution of genes encoding putative virulence factors and fragment length polymorphisms in the vrrA gene among Brazilian isolates of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis.

One hundred twenty-one strains of the Bacillus cereus complex, of which 80 were isolated from a variety of sources in Brazil, were screened by PCR for the presence of sequences (bceT, hblA, nheBC, plc, sph, and vip3A) encoding putative virulence factors and for polymorphisms in variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR), using a variable region of the vrrA open reading frame as the target. Amplicons were generated from isolates of B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis for each of the sequences encoding factors suggested to play a role in infections of mammals.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains isolated in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains have been implicated as important etiological agents of diarrheal disease, especially in developing countries. This group of microorganisms has been associated with a diverse range of genotypic and phenotypic markers. In the present study, 21 ETEC isolates previously defined according to the toxigenic genotypes, were characterized on the basis of O:H typing, cell adherence patterns, and colonization factors (CFs) antigens.