Contribution of HPV Status for Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Background: Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OP-SCC) represents a public health problem and human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the risk factors. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) are meshes of DNA strands and granule proteins. NET has been identified in diverse cancers, whether associated with viruses or not.

The soil conservation agenda of Brazil: A review of "edge-to-edge" science contributions.

Soil conservation adheres to various United Nations Sustainable Development Goals while in Brazil is a constitutional obligation. To attain the goals and fulfil the obligation, laws, policies, governance and science must be imbricated to deliver suitable conservation solutions for the long term, namely appropriate to positively influence other downstream chains such as the food chain. However, in Brazil, a major world producer and exporter of food, weaknesses were recently diagnosed by judicial authorities concerning soil governance and coordinated land use policies.

Clinicopathological Features of Metastasis to the Oral and Maxillofacial Region-Multicenter Study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of metastases in the oral and maxillofacial regions.

Methods: In this retrospective study, biopsy records were obtained from referral centers for oral and maxillofacial diagnosis in Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Results: A total of 120 cases were evaluated.

Selective PDE4B and PDE4D inhibitors produce distinct behavioral responses to ethanol and GABAergic drugs in mice.

Apremilast is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitor that is nonselective at subtypes PDE4A-D. It modulates ethanol and GABAergic responses via protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation of specific GABA receptor subunits and has opposite effects on ethanol-induced ataxia in wild-type and GABA β3-S408/409A knock-in mice. We hypothesized that these different effects are due to preferential actions at different PDE4 subtypes.

The COP27 screened through the lens of global water security.

Water security is an expression of resilience. In the recent past, scientists and public organizations have built considerable work around this concept launched in 2013 by the United Nations as "the capacity of a population to safeguard sustainable access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water for sustaining livelihoods, human well-being, and socio-economic development, for ensuring protection against water-borne pollution and water-related disasters, and for preserving ecosystems in a climate of peace and political stability". In the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27), held in Sharm El-Sheikh (Egypt) in last November, water security was considered a priority in the climate agenda, especially in the adaption and loss and damage axes.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the oral cavity in children aged 0-2 years: A scoping review.

Background: The aim of this study was to collect, synthesize, and analyze the clinic-demographic data of rhabdomyosarcoma affecting the oral cavity of young children.

Methods: The clinical question was "What are the clinical characteristics of oral rhabdomyosarcoma in children aged zero to two years?" Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality through the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist. Descriptive statistics were performed in SPSS.

Apremilast-induced increases in acute ethanol intoxication and decreases in ethanol drinking in mice involve PKA phosphorylation of GABA β3 subunits.

We previously showed that apremilast, an FDA-approved PDE4 inhibitor, selectively alters behavioral responses to ethanol and certain GABAergic drugs in a PKA-dependent manner in C57BL6/J mice. Here, we investigated if PKA phosphorylation of β3 GABA receptor subunits is involved in apremilast regulation of ethanol, propofol, or diazepam responses. Apremilast prolonged rotarod ataxia and loss of the righting reflex by ethanol and propofol in wild-type mice, but not in β3-S408A/S409A knock-in mice.

"H" is not for hydroxychloroquine-"H" is for heparin: lack of efficacy of hydroxychloroquine and the role of heparin in COVID-19-preliminary data of a prospective and interventional study from Brazil.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is the major public health problem in the world actually. It's associated with high morbidity and mortality. To date, no therapeutic measure has a curative potential.

Differential diagnoses of solitary and multiple pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa: Evaluation of 905 specimens submitted to histopathological examination.

Background: The aim was to analyze the frequency, clinical and demographic features of solitary and multiple/diffuse oral pigmented lesions submitted to histopathological examination, and to summarize the features that guide the clinical differential diagnosis.

Methods: Clinical and demographic data were retrieved from biopsy records and descriptive statistics were performed.

Results: Nine hundred and five (0.

Benign connective and soft-tissue neoplasms of the oral and maxillofacial region: Cross-sectional study of 1066 histopathological specimens.

Background: Benign connective and soft-tissue neoplasms (CSTNs) are unusual in the head and neck region. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the demographic and clinicopathological features of these neoplasms.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of cases diagnosed as benign CSTNs, with data collected from biopsy records.

Inbred Substrain Differences Influence Neuroimmune Response and Drinking Behavior.

Background: The inbred mouse strain C57BL/6 is widely used in both models of addiction and immunological disease. However, there are pronounced phenotypic differences in ethanol (EtOH) consumption and innate immune response between C57BL/6 substrains. The focus of this study was to examine the effects of substrain on innate immune response and neuroimmune-induced escalation of voluntary EtOH consumption.

Deletion of Tlr3 reduces acute tolerance to alcohol and alcohol consumption in the intermittent access procedure in male mice.

Pharmacological studies implicate toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) signaling in alcohol drinking. We examined the role of TLR3 in behavioral responses to alcohol and GABAergic drugs by studying Tlr3 mice. Because of opposing signaling between TLR3 and MyD88 pathways, we also evaluated Myd88 mice.

Microglia depletion and alcohol: Transcriptome and behavioral profiles.

Alcohol abuse induces changes in microglia morphology and immune function, but whether microglia initiate or simply amplify the harmful effects of alcohol exposure is still a matter of debate. Here, we determine microglia function in acute and voluntary drinking behaviors using a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor (PLX5622). We show that microglia depletion does not alter the sedative or hypnotic effects of acute intoxication.

Unusual exophytic gingival lesion in a newborn treated with diode laser.

Gingival lesions rarely occur in newborns. However, when present, they commonly worry the parents and impair the infant's feeding, thus affecting growth. Such lesions are usually nonneoplastic in nature, although malignancies may develop; therefore, specimens must be submitted for histopathologic examination.

Toll-like receptor 3 activation increases voluntary alcohol intake in C57BL/6J male mice.

Many genes differentially expressed in brain tissue from human alcoholics and animals that have consumed large amounts of alcohol are components of the innate immune toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway. TLRs initiate inflammatory responses via two branches: (1) MyD88-dependent or (2) TRIF-dependent. All TLRs signal through MyD88 except TLR3.

Toll-like receptor 3 dynamics in female C57BL/6J mice: Regulation of alcohol intake.

Although there are sex differences in the effects of alcohol on immune responses, it is unclear if sex differences in immune response can influence drinking behavior. Activation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) produced a rapid proinflammatory response in males that increased alcohol intake over time (Warden et al., 2019).

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours: Collaborative study of 32 cases and review of literature.

Objectives: To analyse the occurrence of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours (CEOT) based on biopsy records from different Brazilian geographic regions and to contrast the data with a review of the literature.

Materials And Methods: A 2-step study was conducted. Step 1 consisted of a collaborative study of biopsies obtained from 1953 to 2017 at six Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology centres.

The assessment of adherence to infection control in oral radiology using newly developed and validated questionnaire (QICOR).

Objectives:: To assess the infection control in oral radiology among radiologists and dentists of diverse dentistry clinical specialties and among dentistry students.

Methods:: A Questionnaire on Infection Control in Oral Radiology was applied to 1006 dentists and 1203 dentistry students. For assessment of infection control, the scores of the questionnaire were dichotomized in high and low through the median.