Erythrocyte alterations in specimens of Danio rerio caused by exposure to metformin.

The antidiabetic drug metformin is widely prescribed around the world. However, its permanence in different environmental concentrations has been associated with adverse toxicological effects in organisms that do not target its therapeutic action. In the aquatic environment, fish such as the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been considered potential bioindicators of environmental impacts and used as experimental models in toxicological studies due to the sensitivity of these species to different types of contaminants, including pharmaceuticals.

Nuclear and morpho-histopathological alterations in Astyanax altiparanae exposed to effluent from the process of anodizing aluminum.

Aluminum is a metal widely used from household utensils to civil construction. Anodizing aluminum is a procedure to form a thick layer of aluminum oxide on the surface in order to confer greater resistance to the material. This process generates an effluent with acidic pH and a high concentration of sulfate.

Metformin-induced alterations in gills of the freshwater fish Astyanax lacustris (Lütken, 1875) detected by histological and scanning electron microscopy.

The antidiabetic drug metformin is widely prescribed and found in different concentrations in the environment around the world, raising concern about potential impacts on aquatic life. Analyses of the effects of exposure of biological models to aquatic contaminants are important for assessing pollution effects on fish health. The gills of fishes represent primary targets of disturbance by pollutants, mainly because of the large surface of the respiratory epithelium and the high perfusion rate, which both help the entry of pollutants into this tissue.

Metformin environmental exposure: A systematic review.

This review discussed the occurrence, ecological impacts, and effects of metformin, a drug used for type 2 diabetes among other diseases. It is one of the most commonly found medicines in aquatic environments owing to its incomplete metabolism in the human body, and is eventually disposed in wastewater. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed as a guide.

Developmental changes in larvae of the oriental latrine fly, Chrysomya megacephala, exposed to deltamethrin.

The Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) has a worldwide distribution and is considered of medical and veterinary importance. Its synanthropic behavior combined with the visitation of decaying organic matter allows it to mechanically transmit pathogens to human and animals. Pyrethroids are widely used pesticides, effective in low doses against a broad spectrum of insects.

Bioprospection of immature salivary glands of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

Larval therapy (LT) comprises the application of sterile Calliphoridae larvae for wound debridement, disinfection, and healing in humans and animals. Larval digestion plays a key role in LT, where the salivary glands and gut produce and secrete proteolytic and antimicrobial substances. The objective of this work was to bioprospect the salivary glands of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) larvae, using ultrastructural, morphological, and histological observations, and the total protein electrophoretic profile.

Histological and electron microscopy observations on the testis and spermatogenesis of the butterfly Dione juno (Cramer, 1779) and Agraulis vanillae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae).

Lepidopteran species present an interesting case of sperm polymorphism and testicular fusion. The study of these features are of great importance in understanding the reproductive biology of these insects, especially in the case of those considered pests. Dione juno and Agraulis vanillae stand out as the most important pests of passion fruit (Passiflora sp.

Toxicity and effects of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam on Scaptotrigona bipunctata lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

The neonicotinoid thiamethoxam is widely used in different agricultural crops, and it has a spectrum of action against insects, affecting both pests and pollinators, such as bees. In this study, the effects of exposure to sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam on stingless bees Scaptotrigona bipunctata were evaluated. Foragers bees were exposed to the insecticide and subjected to genetic biochemical, histochemical, and morphological analyses after 24, 48, and 72 h of ingestion.