Comparative Study of Different Respiratory Muscle Training Methods: Effects on Cardiopulmonary Indices and Athletic Performance in Elite Short-Track Speedskaters.

Respiratory muscle training (RMT) improves endurance performance, balance, and ability to repeat high-intensity exercise bouts, providing a rationale to be applied in short-track speedskating. To establish a preferable RMT method for short-track speedskating, the influence of inspiratory pressure threshold loading (IPTL) and voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea (VIH) on cardiopulmonary indices and athletic performance was investigated. Sixteen elite short-track speedskaters completed 6 weeks of RMT based on IPTL or VIH.

Reference values for respiratory muscle strength measured with the S-Index Test in well-trained athletes, e-sports athletes and age-matched controls.

Respiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory-related issues. The S-Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regarding the S-Index Test have been reported yet.

Body Oxygen Level Test (BOLT) is not associated with exercise performance in highly-trained individuals.

Introduction: The analysis of chemoreflex and baroreflex sensitivity may contribute to optimizing patient care and athletic performance. Breath-holding tests, such as the Body Oxygen Level Test (BOLT), have gained popularity as a feasible way to evaluate the reflex control over the cardiorespiratory system. According to its proponents, the BOLT score reflects the body's sensitivity to carbon dioxide and homeostasis disturbances, providing feedback on exercise tolerance.

Oxygen uptake efficiency plateau is unaffected by fitness level - the NOODLE study.

Background: Endurance athletes (EA) are an emerging population of focus for cardiovascular health. The oxygen uptake efficiency plateau (OUEP) is the levelling-off period of ratio between oxygen uptake (VO) and ventilation (VE). In the cohort of EA, we externally validated prediction models for OUEP and derived with internal validation a new equation.

Influence of voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea on recovery after high-intensity exercise in elite short-track speedskaters - randomized controlled trial.

Respiratory muscle training plays a significant role in reducing blood lactate concentration (bLa) and attenuating negative physiological stress reactions. Therefore, we investigated if voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea (VIH) performed after a maximum anaerobic effort influences bLa and perceived fatigue level in well-trained speedskaters. 39 elite short-track speedskaters participated in a trial with two parallel groups: experimental and control.

Estimating excess mortality and economic burden of Clostridioides difficile infections and recurrences during 2015-2019: the RECUR Germany study.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) remain a major public health challenge due to substantial mortality and associated costs. This study aims to generate real-world evidence on the mortality and economic burden of CDI in Germany using claims data between 2015 and 2019.

Methods: A longitudinal and matched cohort study using retrospective data from Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) was conducted in Germany with the BKK database.

Epidemiological and clinical burden of Clostridioides difficile infections and recurrences between 2015 - 2019: the RECUR Germany study.

Background: This real-world study assessed the epidemiology and clinical complications of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) in hospital and community settings in Germany from 2015 - 2019.

Methods: An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings using statutory health insurance claims data from the BKK database. A cross-sectional approach was used to estimate the annual incidence rate of CDI and rCDI episodes per 100,000 insurants.

Is the Ventilatory Efficiency in Endurance Athletes Different?-Findings from the NOODLE Study.

Ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases and defines individuals' responses to exercise. Its characteristics among endurance athletes (EA) remain understudied. In a cohort of EA, we aimed to (1) investigate the relationship between different methods of calculation of VE/VCO and (2) externally validate prediction equations for VE/VCO.

Renal Replacement Therapy in People With and Without Diabetes in Germany, 2010-2016: An Analysis of More Than 25 Million Inhabitants.

Objective: Epidemiological studies have shown contradictory results regarding the time trend of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in people with diabetes. This study aims to analyze the incidence of ESRD, defined as chronic renal replacement therapy (RRT), to investigate time trends among people with and without diabetes in Germany and to examine whether these patterns differ by age and sex.

Research Design And Methods: The data were sourced from nationwide data pooled from two German branches of statutory health insurances covering ∼25 million inhabitants.

Do implantable loop recorders impact the survival of patients with recurrent unexplained syncope?

This study compares the outcomes of patients who receive an implantable loop recorder (ILR) for unexplained syncope to a control group without the diagnostic device in German claims data. Patients with ILR were matched to a control group based on prior syncope events, age, gender and Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI). Survival, syncope hospitalizations, treatment and costs were compared.

Time to Treatment Discontinuation in German Patients with Schizophrenia: Long-Acting Injectables versus Oral Antipsychotics.

Background And Objective: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) are associated with better treatment adherence and persistence than oral antipsychotics (OAPs) in patients with schizophrenia. However, real-world evidence assessing the impact of treatment with LAIs in Germany is limited. To fill this gap, we compared antipsychotic medication adherence and risk of treatment discontinuation (TD) among schizophrenia patients newly initiated on LAI or who switched their OAP regimen (overall cohort; OC).

Hospitalization Rates and Therapy Costs of German Schizophrenia Patients Who are Initiated on Long-Acting Injectable Medication: A Mirror-Image Study.

Background: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can reduce relapse, hospitalization, and costs in patients with schizophrenia. However, real-world evidence assessing the impact of treatment with LAIs in Germany is limited.

Objective: To provide updated evidence on the impact of LAI initiation on hospitalization rates and therapy costs.

Lower-extremity amputations in people with and without diabetes in Germany, 2008-2012 - an analysis of more than 30 million inhabitants.

Background And Purpose: Lower-extremity amputations (LEAs) in people with diabetes are associated with reduced quality of life and increased health care costs. Detailed knowledge on amputation rates (ARs) is of utmost importance for future health care and economics strategies. We conducted the present cohort study in order to estimate the incidences of LEA as well as relative and attributable risk due to diabetes and to investigate time trends for the period 2008-2012.