Use of a Micronutrient Cocktail to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Pilot Clinical Trial.

: The goal of this study was to assess the impact of supplementation with a combination of nutrients on metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-related liver parameters, and other parameters related to metabolic syndrome in adults with obesity. These measurements included anthropometric and lipid profiling, and FibroScan technology (controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and transient elastography (TE) values). A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial was conducted over a three-month treatment period.

Biomarker Profiling with Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Plasma and Urine Samples in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease.

: Over the years, it was noticed that patients with diabetes have reached an alarming number worldwide. Diabetes presents many complications, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which can be considered the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Current biomarkers such as serum creatinine and albuminuria have limitations for early detection of DKD.

Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammation Are Associated with Cerebral Vessel Remodeling and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Cerebrovascular disease accounts for major neurologic disabilities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A potential association of mitochondrial DNA () and inflammation with cerebral vessel remodeling in patients with type 2 DM was evaluated. A cohort of 150 patients and 30 healthy controls were assessed concerning urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), synaptopodin, podocalyxin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), N-acetyl-β-(D)-glucosaminidase (NAG), interleukins IL-17A, IL-18, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

A rare form of hyperthyroidism leading to the diagnosis of acromegaly: A case report.

Acromegaly is a rare disease, usually caused by a pituitary tumor. It typically exhibits slow evolution and can result in numerous complications. In the present case report, the patient presented with hyperthyroidism associated with ophthalmopathy and right nodular goiter.

Quantitative, Targeted Analysis of Gut Microbiota Derived Metabolites Provides Novel Biomarkers of Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most debilitating complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as it progresses silently to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The discovery of novel biomarkers of early DKD becomes acute, as its incidence is reaching catastrophic proportions. Our study aimed to quantify previously identified metabolites from serum and urine through untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-ESI+-MS) techniques, such as the following: arginine, dimethylarginine, hippuric acid, indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, L-acetylcarnitine, butenoylcarnitine and sorbitol.

The Experience of a Single Tertiary Center Regarding Benign and Malignant Tumors in Acromegalic Patients.

Acromegaly is a rare disease associated with increased levels of growth hormones (GHs) that stimulates the hepatic production of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Increased secretion of both GH and IGF-1 activates pathways, such as Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (JAK2/STAT5), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), involved in the development of tumors. Given the disputed nature of the topic, we decided to study the prevalence of benign and malignant tumors in our cohort of acromegalic patients.

Mitochondrial DNA Changes in Blood and Urine Display a Specific Signature in Relation to Inflammation in Normoalbuminuric Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important mechanism contributing to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in blood and urine were evaluated in relation to podocyte injury and proximal tubule (PT) dysfunction, as well as to a specific inflammatory response in normoalbuminuric DKD. A total of 150 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 48 microalbuminuric, and 50 macroalbuminuric ones, respectively) and 30 healthy controls were assessed concerning the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), biomarkers of podocyte damage (synaptopodin and podocalyxin), PT dysfunction (kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and -acetyl-β-(D)-glucosaminidase (NAG)), and inflammation (serum and urinary interleukins (IL-17A, IL-18, and IL-10)).

Metabolomic Investigation of Blood and Urinary Amino Acids and Derivatives in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease; however, few biomarkers of its early identification are available. The aim of the study was to assess new biomarkers in the early stages of DKD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This cross-sectional pilot study performed an integrated metabolomic profiling of blood and urine in 90 patients with type 2 DM, classified into three subgroups according to albuminuria stage from P1 to P3 (30 normo-, 30 micro-, and 30 macroalbuminuric) and 20 healthy controls using high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-ESI* MS).

Untargeted Metabolomics by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry Analysis Identifies a Specific Metabolomic Profile in Patients with Early Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as one of the most progressive diseases with increased mortality and morbidity. Metabolomics offers new insights into CKD pathogenesis and the discovery of new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CKD. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess metabolomic profiling of serum and urine samples obtained from CKD patients.

Metabolite Profiling of the Gut-Renal-Cerebral Axis Reveals a Particular Pattern in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in T2DM Patients.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents an important microvascular disease concerning the kidney and the brain. Gut dysbiosis and microbiota-derived metabolites may be in relation with early pathophysiological changes in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The aim of the study was to find new potential gut-derived biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of early DKD, with a focus on the complex interconnection of these biomarkers with podocyte injury, proximal tubule dysfunction, renal and cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction.

Practical Applicability of the ISARIC-4C Score on Severity and Mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background and objectives. There is a bidirectional relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes mellitus (DM), as people with DM are more vulnerable, and SARS-CoV-2 infections worsen the prognosis in these patients. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the application validity of the ISARIC-4C score in patients confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry Identifies a Particular Ganglioside Pattern in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Considering the valuable information provided by glycosphingolipids as molecular markers and the limited data available for their detection and characterization in patients suffering from Type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD), we developed and implemented a superior method based on high-resolution (HR) mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS) for the determination of gangliosides in the urine of DKD patients. This study was focused on: (i) testing of the HR MS and MS/MS feasibility and performances in mapping and sequencing of renal gangliosides in Type 2 DM patients; (ii) determination of the changes in the urine gangliosidome of DKD patients in different stages of the disease-normo-, micro-, and macroalbuminuria-in a comparative assay with healthy controls. Due to the high resolution and mass accuracy, the comparative MS screening revealed that the sialylation status of the ganglioside components; their modification by -acetyl, CHCOO, -fucosyl, and -GalNAc; as well as the composition of the ceramide represent possible markers for early DKD detection, the assessment of disease progression, and follow-up treatment.

Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children.

: It is known that several viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new worldwide spread virus that may act as a trigger for the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells, as well, and thus lead to an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes. The Romanian National Organization for the Protection of Children and Adolescents with Diabetes (ONROCAD) has collected information regarding new cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0 to 14 years from all over the country since 1996 and has computed the incidence of type 1 diabetes in this age group.

Long noncoding RNAs may impact podocytes and proximal tubule function through modulating miRNAs expression in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in the pathophysiology of DKD involving actions of microRNAs (miRNAs). The aims of the study were to establish the involvement of selected lncRNAs in the epigenetic mechanisms of podocyte damage and tubular injury in DKD of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in relation to a particular miRNAs profile. A total of 136 patients with type 2 DM and 25 healthy subjects were assessed in a cross-sectional study concerning urinary albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR), eGFR, biomarkers of podocyte damage (synaptopodin, podocalyxin) and of proximal tubule (PT) dysfunction (Kidney injury molecule-1-KIM-1, N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase-NAG), urinary lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT), taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), urinary miRNA21, 124, 93, 29a.

Urinary proteins detected using modern proteomics intervene in early type 2 diabetic kidney disease - a pilot study.

An advanced proteomics platform for protein biomarker discovery in diabetic chronic kidney disease (DKD) was developed, validated and implemented. Three Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and three control subjects were enrolled. Urinary peptides were extracted, samples were analyzed on a hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro instrument.

Dynamics of Epicardiac Fat and Heart Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Initiated with SGLT-2 Inhibitors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the dynamics of epicardiac adipose tissue (EAT) thickness and total volume as well as that of systolic and diastolic dysfunction in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after initiation of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors therapy.

Patients And Methods: This prospective, observational study included 53 patients with T2D who received SGLT-2 inhibitors for 24 weeks. In all patients, echocardiographic screening for EAT, systolic and diastolic dysfunction and non-contrast computed tomography scans were performed, both before and after 24 weeks of SGLT-2 inhibition.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with podocyte damage and proximal tubular dysfunction in the early stage of diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Aims: To evaluate if there is a link between inflammation (expressed by inflammatory cytokines) and the early stage of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as shown by markers of podocyte damage and proximal tubular (PT) dysfunction.

Methods: In this study were enrolled 117 type 2 DM patients (36-normoalbuminuria, 42-microalbuminuria, 39- macroalbuminuria), and 11 healthy subjects. Serum and urinary IL-1 alpha, IL-8, IL-18, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR), eGFR, biomarkers of podocyte damage (podocalyxin, synaptopodin, nephrin) and of PT dysfunction (KIM-1, NAG) were assessed.

MiRNA Expression is Associated with Clinical Variables Related to Vascular Remodeling in the Kidney and the Brain in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

: The association of vascular remodeling in the kidney and the brain with a particular microRNAs (miRNA) profile is not well studied.: Seventy-six patients with Type 2 diabetes and 11 healthy subjects were assessed concerning urine albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR), biomarkers of podocyte injury and of proximal tubule (PT) dysfunction. MiRNA were quantified in blood and urine by a real-time PCR System.

Interleukins and miRNAs intervene in the early stages of diabetic kidney disease in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

The involvement of proinflammatory interleukins (IL) in diabetic kidney disease of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients was studied in relation to a particular miRNA profile. A total of 117 patients with Type 2 DM and 11 controls were enrolled in a case series study. Serum and urinary ILs and miRNAs were assessed.

Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study.

People with obesity in Romania are often under medical supervision, which is aimed to decrease body weight and treat accompanying metabolic disorders and cardiovascular implications. However, there is limited information regarding the implementation of dietary recommendations in adults with obesity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of reaching the recommended intakes of macro- and micro-nutrients in adults with obesity under medical supervision.

Deregulated profiles of urinary microRNAs may explain podocyte injury and proximal tubule dysfunction in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA species that are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The aim of the study was to establish a potential explanation of podocyte damage and proximal tubule (PT) dysfunction induced by deregulated miRNAs expression in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A total of 68 patients with type 2 DM and 11 healthy subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and assessed concerning urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary -acetyl-β-D-glucosamininidase (NAG), urinary kidney injury molecule-1, urinary nephrin, podocalyxin, synaptopodin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary miRNA21, miRNA124, and miRNA192.

Time Trends, Regional Variability and Seasonality Regarding the Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Romanian Children Aged 0-14 Years, Between 1996 and 2015.

Objective: The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children is highly variable in the world. The aim of our study was to: 1) analyze the evolution of the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes in Romania between 1996 and 2015, and: 2) to search for differences amongst age groups, gender, geographic regions and month of diagnosis.

Methods: Data on all new cases of type 1 diabetes, aged <15 years, obtained from two independent sources, were included in the study.