Phospholipid Signaling in Crop Plants: A Field to Explore.

In plant models such as , phosphatidic acid (PA), a key molecule of lipid signaling, was shown not only to be involved in stress responses, but also in plant development and nutrition. In this article, we highlight lipid signaling existing in crop species. Based on open access databases, we update the list of sequences encoding phospholipases D, phosphoinositide-dependent phospholipases C, and diacylglycerol-kinases, enzymes that lead to the production of PA.

Arabidopsis seeds altered in the circadian clock protein TOC1 are characterized by higher level of linolenic acid.

The circadian clock plays a critical role in regulating plant physiology and metabolism. However, the way in which the clock impacts the regulation of lipid biosynthesis in seeds is partially understood. In the present study, we characterized the seed fatty acid (FA) and glycerolipid (GL) compositions of pseudo-response regulator mutants.

Characterization of Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis: The Mitochondrial Octanoyltransferase and Lipoyl Synthase Enzyme System.

Lipoic acid (LA, 6,8-dithiooctanoic acid) is a sulfur containing coenzyme essential for the activity of several key enzymes involved in oxidative and single carbon metabolism in most bacteria and eukaryotes. LA is synthetized by the concerted activity of the octanoyltransferase (LIP2, EC 2.3.

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone H3 Lysine 4 Trimethylation (H3K4me3) and Its Involvement in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Sunflower Developing Seeds.

Histone modifications are of paramount importance during plant development. Investigating chromatin remodeling in developing oilseeds sheds light on the molecular mechanisms controlling fatty acid metabolism and facilitates the identification of new functional regions in oil crop genomes. The present study characterizes the epigenetic modifications H3K4me3 in relationship with the expression of fatty acid-related genes and transcription factors in developing sunflower seeds.

13C-Metabolic Flux Analysis in Developing Flax ( L.) Embryos to Understand Storage Lipid Biosynthesis.

Flax ( L.) oil is an important source of α-linolenic (C18:3 ω-3). This polyunsaturated fatty acid is well known for its nutritional role in human and animal diets.

Glycolytic enzymatic activities in developing seeds involved in the differences between standard and low oil content sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.).

As opposed to other oilseeds, developing sunflower seeds do not accumulate starch initially. They rely on the sucrose that comes from the mother plant to synthesise lipid precursors. Glycolysis is the principal source of carbon skeletons and reducing power for lipid biosynthesis.

Characterization of glycolytic initial metabolites and enzyme activities in developing sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds.

Unlike other oilseeds (e.g. Arabidopsis), developing sunflower seeds do not accumulate a lot of starch and they rely on the sucrose that comes from the mother plant to synthesise lipid precursors.

1H NMR metabolite fingerprinting and metabolomic analysis of perchloric acid extracts from plant tissues.

Metabolite fingerprinting provides a powerful method for discriminating between biological samples on the basis of differences in metabolism caused by such factors as growth conditions, developmental stage or genotype. This protocol describes a technique for acquiring metabolite fingerprints from samples of plant origin. The preferred method involves freezing the tissue rapidly to stop metabolism, extracting soluble metabolites using perchloric acid (HClO4) and then obtaining a fingerprint of the metabolic composition of the sample using 1D 1H NMR spectroscopy.