WFUMB Commentary Paper on Artificial intelligence in Medical Ultrasound Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally associated with human intelligence. At present, AI has been widely used in a variety of ultrasound tasks, including in point-of-care ultrasound, echocardiography, and various diseases of different organs. However, the characteristics of ultrasound, compared to other imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), poses significant additional challenges to AI.

Tepotinib plus osimertinib in patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer with MET amplification following progression on first-line osimertinib (INSIGHT 2): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and MET amplification as a mechanism of resistance to first-line osimertinib have few treatment options. Here, we report the primary analysis of the phase 2 INSIGHT 2 study evaluating tepotinib, a highly selective MET inhibitor, combined with osimertinib in this population.

Methods: This open-label, phase 2 study was conducted at 179 academic centres and community clinics in 17 countries.

Long-term experience with tepotinib in Japanese patients with MET exon 14 skipping NSCLC from the Phase II VISION study.

Tepotinib is a highly selective MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has demonstrated robust and durable clinical activity in patients with MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the Phase II VISION study, patients received oral tepotinib 500 mg once daily. The primary endpoint was an objective response by an independent review committee (IRC) according to RECIST v1.

Changes in Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties of Quince ( Mill.) and Its Products.

Quince ( Miller) is a plant that is commonly cultivated around the world, known for centuries for its valuable nutritional and healing properties. Although quince fruit are extremely aromatic, due to their high hardness and sour, astringent, and bitter taste, they are not suitable for direct consumption in an unprocessed form. However, they are an important raw material in fruit processing, e.

An analysis of the outcome of 11 712 men applying to be sperm donors in Denmark and the USA.

Study Question: Is the outcome of donor recruitment influenced by the country in which recruitment took place or the initial identity (ID)-release choice of applicants?

Summary Answer: More applicants are accepted as donors in Denmark than in the USA and those who choose ID release are more frequently accepted than those who do not.

What Is Known Already: The successful recruitment of sperm donors is essential to provide a range of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) procedures, which rely upon donor sperm. However, while much has been written about the medical screening and assessment of sperm donors from a safety perspective, relatively little has been written about the process of recruiting donors and how it works in practice.

Differences in Muscle Quantity and Quality by HIV Serostatus and Sex.

Objective: People with HIV (PWH) experience greater declines in both muscle function and muscle mass with aging. Whether changes in muscle quality and quantity with aging differ between men and women with HIV and the implications on muscle function are not established.

Design: In coordinated substudies of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and Women's Interagency HIV Study, participants completed physical function and falls assessments; total trunk/thigh density, inversely related to fatty infiltration, and area were quantified from computed tomography (CT) scans.

Biogenesis-Inspired, Divergent Synthesis of Spirochensilide A, Spirochensilide B, and Abifarine B Employing a Radical-Polar Crossover Rearrangement Strategy.

Triterpenoids and related -steroids are of interest to the scientific community for their potent and varied biological activities as well as their unique structures. Within this large and diverse family of natural products, the fir metabolites (-)-spirochensilide A and B are particularly noteworthy for their controversial biogenesis. We herein report the chemical synthesis of the spirochensilides, which involves a concerted sequence of bioinspired rearrangements contributing to its resolution.

Implicit, Explicit, and Structural Barriers and Facilitators for Information and Communication Technology Access in Older Adults.

Older adults' usage of information and communication technology (ICT) is challenged or facilitated by perception of usefulness, technology design, gender, social class, and other unspoken and political elements. However, studies on the use of ICT by older adults have traditionally focused on explicit interactions (e.g.

The overuse of intrapartum cardiotocography (CTG) for low-risk women: An actor-network theory analysis of data from focus groups.

Background: There is an overuse of cardiotocography for intrapartum fetal monitoring for low-risk women in high-income countries, despite recommendations from evidence-based guidelines.

Aim: To understand why midwives use cardiotocography for low-risk women despite evidence-based recommendations and to understand the roles of the cardiotocograph machine.

Method: This qualitative study used focus groups for data collection.

Patients' choices and opinions on chorionic villous sampling and non-invasive alternatives for prenatal testing following preimplantation genetic testing for hereditary disorders: A cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate choices of and reasoning behind chorionic villous sampling and opinions on non-invasive prenatal testing among women and men achieving pregnancy following preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for hereditary disorders.

Methods: A questionnaire was electronically submitted to patients who had achieved a clinical pregnancy following PGT at the Center for Preimplantation Genetic Testing, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark, between 2017 and 2020.

Results: Chorionic villous sampling was declined by approximately half of the patients.

INSIGHT 2: a phase II study of tepotinib plus osimertinib in -amplified NSCLC and first-line osimertinib resistance.

amplification amp), a mechanism of acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, occurs in up to 30% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressing on first-line osimertinib. Combining osimertinib with a MET inhibitor, such as tepotinib, an oral, highly selective, potent MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor, may overcome amp-driven resistance. INSIGHT 2 (NCT03940703), an international, open-label, multicenter phase II trial, assesses tepotinib plus osimertinib in patients with advanced/metastatic -mutant NSCLC and acquired resistance to first-line osimertinib and amp, determined centrally by fluorescence hybridization (gene copy number ≥5 and/or ≥2) at time of progression.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Health Conditions in Lebanese Community Setting.

Background: The measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) provides utility scores that could be used for health economics assessment. The aim of this study was to measure HRQoL in Lebanese patients with certain medical conditions, and to determine demographic and medical factors affecting such health utility scores.

Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional pilot study conducted to gather information on the socioeconomic status, health condition and quality of life of participants with common diseases during their community pharmacy visit.

Source of detritus and toxic elements of seabed sediments from Acapulco Bay (southern Mexico) and their ecological risk.

Total concentrations of Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, and As together with Sr and Pb isotopic compositions of seabed sediments from the worldwide famous tourist destination of Acapulco Bay, Guerrero (southern Mexico) were determined to reveal the origin of detritus and toxic elements (TEs), their potential natural and anthropogenic sources, elemental distribution and their ecological risk. Sediments derive entirely from the nearby Acapulco Granite and their concentrations of TEs are variable and rather low, although, several are above the Local Geochemical Baseline in some sites of the bay. The enrichment factor (EF) and Pb isotopes indicate that TEs derive from the Acapulco Granite with contributions of an anthropogenic source represented, very likely, by ship-bottom paints.

Tesamorelin improves fat quality independent of changes in fat quantity.

Objectives: Fat quality and quantity may affect health similarly or differently. Fat quality can be assessed by measuring fat density on CT scan (greater density = smaller, higher quality adipocytes). We assessed the effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue that reduces visceral fat (VAT) quantity in some people living with HIV (PWH), on fat density.

Type II nuclear receptors with potential role in Alzheimer disease.

Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that can modulated cellular processes involved in the development, homeostasis, cell proliferation, metabolism, and reproduction through the control of the specific genetic and molecular program. In the central nervous system, they are key regulators of neural stem cell fate decisions and can modulate the physiology of different brain cells. Over the past decades, a large body of evidence has supported that nuclear receptors are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, the most common dementia worldwide, and the main cause of disability in later life.

Effects of atazanavir, darunavir, and raltegravir on fat and muscle among persons living with HIV.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with gain in of fat and muscle, but the impact on is less understood. The objective of this study was to compare fat and muscle density among people with HIV (PWH) on stable raltegravir (RAL), atazanavir with ritonavir (ATV/r), or darunavir with ritonavir (DRV/r), and explore implications on muscle function.

Methods: Participants from the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic taking RAL, ATV/r, or DRV/r with at least 1 computed tomography (CT) scan were included.

Biceps Transposition for Biological Superior Capsular Reconstruction.

Reconstruction of the superior capsule is a valuable intervention for some patients in whom massive, irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears are identified. Superior capsular reconstruction techniques most commonly use either tensor fascia lata autograft or dermal allograft. As an alternative to more traditional superior capsular reconstruction, we commonly transpose and incorporate the biceps tendon into the rotator cuff repair construct in such patients instead.

The Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Analogue, Tesamorelin, Decreases Muscle Fat and Increases Muscle Area in Adults with HIV.

Background: Tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue, decreases visceral adipose tissue in people living with HIV, however, the effects on skeletal muscle fat and area are unknown.

Objectives: The goals of this exploratory secondary analysis were to determine the effects of tesamorelin on muscle quality (density) and quantity (area).

Design: Secondary, exploratory analysis of two previously completed randomized (2:1), clinical trials.