A case report of primary intrahepatic adeno squamous cell cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common form of primary liver cancer. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and fibrolamellar carcinoma make up most other cases. The vast majority of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma's are adenocarcinoma in nature.

Acceptability, Perceptions, and Experiences Regarding Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be defined as any report of a patient's health taken directly from the patient. Routine collection of PRO data has been shown to offer potential benefits to patient-doctor communication. Electronic forms of PRO measures (PROMs) could be more beneficial in comparison to traditional PROMs in obtaining PROs from patients.

Sarcopaenia, obesity, sarcopaenic obesity and outcomes following hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer. Limited evidence exists about outcomes for obese patients undergoing hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Sarcopaenia is characterised by a decline in muscle function and muscle mass.

A large upper abdominal mass in an adolescent with high Ca 19.9: a case report.

Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver are uncommon cystic lesions of the liver, most commonly seen in women in the fifth decade of life. We present a case of a 16-year-old girl with an incidentally discovered abdominal mass while undergoing a tonsillectomy. Investigation revealed a multiloculated, septated 17 × 17 × 11 cm cystic lesion arising from the left lobe of the liver, with displacement of the remaining upper abdominal viscera.

Novel en-bloc resection of locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma: the Rex recess approach.

Loco-regional recurrence after potentially curative resection remains a problem in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hilar dissection risks local spillage of tumor cells leading to suboptimal disease free survival. We have developed a new technique of radical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma based on the distinctive anatomy of the Rex recess of the liver, which has been assessed in two patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Pancreatectomy with synchronous vascular resection--an argument in favour.

Background: The first case-series of pancreatectomy with synchronous en-bloc vascular resection with the aim to improve pancreatic cancer survival was published in 1977. Advances in surgical techniques, intensive care management and teaching centers with high volume cases have dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity of major pancreatic resections. This has led to a progressively wider use of venous and/or arterial resections during pancreatic surgery in selected patients to achieve negative resection margins.

Budd-Chiari syndrome secondary to caval recurrence of renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involves the inferior vena cava (IVC) in a minority of patients. Less commonly, it presents with Budd-Chiari syndrome. If untreated, the condition progresses towards liver failure and death.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy after liver transplantation in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis complicated by distal pancreatobiliary malignancy.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the use of pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignancy in patients who have undergone liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

Methods: Patients who underwent simultaneous or sequential pancreaticoduodenectomy after liver transplantation were identified from a prospective transplant database. Preoperative, perioperative, and follow-up data were collected by review of patients' medical records.

Cancer of the uncinate process of the pancreas: surgical anatomy and clinicopathological features.

Background: The clinicopathological features of uncinate process pancreatic cancer (UPPC) are poorly described. Furthermore the anatomy of the uncinate process and its division during surgery are central to pancreaticoduodenectomy for UPPC. We set out to describe the embryology and anatomy of the uncinate process and the clinicopathological features of UPPC.

Managing arterial collaterals due to coeliac axis stenosis during pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Context: Coeliac artery stenosis is a condition affecting a minority of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. In such cases, the development of collateral pathways through the blood supply of the pancreatic head provides challenges for surgical management.

Case Report: We report a case of coeliac artery stenosis in a patient undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase does not always have adverse effects on wound healing.

Background: Inflammatory stimuli that activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) contribute to inflammation and fibroblast function, which are necessary components of incision and wound healing. Inhibition of these signal transduction pathways may provide novel strategies to prevent sepsis but may interfere with healing. We examined the effects of inhibiting p38 activation and NF-kappaB translation on incision healing in a dorsal slit model.

Outcome of liver transplantation in hereditary hemochromatosis.

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder of iron metabolism. It is an uncommon indication for liver transplantation (LT). It has been suggested that patients who undergo LT for cirrhosis related to HH have higher morbidity and mortality from cardiac, infectious and malignant complications.

NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK inhibition improve survival in endotoxin shock and in a cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in combination with antibiotic therapy.

Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are critical intracellular signal transduction pathways that mediate the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Antibiotics induce bacterial lysis, which also contributes to cytokine production and the inflammatory response by activating NF-kappaB and p38 kinase. In this study, we set out to examine the effects of inhibition of p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB translation in in vivo models of sepsis.

The role of P38 MAPK and PKC in BLP induced TNF-alpha release, apoptosis, and NFkappaB activation in THP-1 monocyte cells.

Background: P38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) is a critical mediator of the inflammatory response, which makes it a suitable candidate as a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory conditions. In this study, we set out to examine the precise role of both protein kinase C (PKC) and P38 MAPK signaling kinases in bacterial lipoprotein (BLP) induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkappaB) activation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) release in THP-1 monocytic cell line.

Materials And Methods: THP-1 cells were incubated with BLP(0-1000 ng/mL), phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; 0-100 microg/mL) or a combination of both for 6 and 24 h, with or without pretreatment with SB202190, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK and bisindolylmaleimide I, a specific inhibitor of PKC (0-200 microm).

Pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in higher-income countries, with 5-year survival only 5% even in people presenting with early-stage cancer. Risk factors include smoking, high alcohol intake, and dietary factors, while diabetes mellitus and previous pancreatitis may also increase the risk.

Methods And Outcomes: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of surgical treatments in people with pancreatic cancer that is considered suitable for complete tumour resection? What are the effects of adjuvant treatments in people with completely resected pancreatic cancer? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library and other important databases up to November 2006 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review).

Hypertonic saline enhances host response to bacterial challenge by augmenting receptor-independent neutrophil intracellular superoxide formation.

Objective: This study sought to determine whether hypertonic saline (HTS) infusion modulates the host response to bacterial challenge.

Methods: Sepsis was induced in 30 Balb-C mice by intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli (5 x 107 organisms per animal). In 10 mice, resuscitation was performed at 0 and 24 hours with a 4 mL/kg bolus of HTS (7.