Effects of a Combined Method of Normobaric Hypoxia on the Repeated Sprint Ability Performance of a Nine-Time World Champion Triathlete: A Case Report.

Elite athletes are an under-represented population in scientific studies, and there are no works analysing the influence of hypoxia in elite triathletes. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of different methods of normobaric hypoxia on repeated sprint ability (RSA) performance. This study was a case study with an elite triathlete who has won nine triathlon world championships.

Effects of intermittent hypoxia and whole-body vibration training on health-related outcomes in older adults.

Background: Aging is associated with a health impairment and an increase of the vulnerability of the older people. Strength training under intermittent hypoxic conditions has been shown to have therapeutic effects on individual's health.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined intermittent hypoxia (IH) and whole-body vibration (WBV) training program on health-related outcomes in older people.

Training zones through muscle oxygen saturation during a graded exercise test in cyclists and triathletes.

Use of muscle oxygen saturation (SmO) has been validated as a performance factor during incremental exercise with portable near-infrared stereoscopy (NIRS) technology. However, there is little knowledge about the use of SmO to identify training zones. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic zones by SmO: maximum lipid oxidation zone (Fatmax), ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) and maximum aerobic power (MAP) during a graded exercise test (GXT).

Intermittent Hypoxia as a Therapeutic Tool to Improve Health Parameters in Older Adults.

Aging is associated with metabolic alterations, and with a loss of strength, muscle and bone mass. Moderate intermittent hypoxia has been proposed as a new tool to enhance health-related function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of moderate intermittent hypoxia exposures on parameters related to cardiovascular and bone health in older adults.

Effect of hypoxic conditioning on functional fitness, balance and fear of falling in healthy older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hypoxic conditioning has been proposed as a new tool to mitigate the sarcopenia and enhance health-related function, but decrements in standing balance have been observed during hypoxia exposure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a hypoxic conditioning training on functional fitness, balance and fear of falling in healthy older adults.

Methods: A total of 54 healthy older adults (aged 65-75 years), who voluntarily participated in the study, were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (CON), the normoxia training group (NT) that performed strength training in normoxia, and the hypoxia training group (HT) that trained under moderate hypoxic conditions at a simulated altitude of 2500 m asl.

Tent versus Mask-On Acute Effects during Repeated-Sprint Training in Normobaric Hypoxia and Normoxia.

Repeated sprint in hypoxia (RSH) is used to improve supramaximal cycling capacity, but little is known about the potential differences between different systems for creating normobaric hypoxia, such as a chamber, tent, or mask. This study aimed to compare the environmental (carbon dioxide (CO) and wet-globe bulb temperature (WGBT)), perceptual (pain, respiratory difficulty, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE)), and external (peak and mean power output) and internal (peak heart rate (HRpeak), muscle oxygen saturation (SmO), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO), blood lactate and glucose) workload acute effects of an RSH session when performed inside a tent versus using a mask. Twelve well-trained cyclists (age = 29 ± 9.

Effects of 7-day intake of hydrogen-rich water on physical performance of trained and untrained subjects.

Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) is used as a supplement to improve performance and reduce fatigue in athletes. However, the potentially beneficial effects of HRW intake could be mediated by the training status of athletes. The purpose of the study was to analyse the ergogenic effect of intake of HRW for one week on aerobic and anaerobic performance, both in trained and untrained individuals.

Effects of Swimming-Specific Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia Training in Swimmers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 4 weeks in-water swimming-specific repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) compared to similar training in normoxia (RSN). Following a repeated-measures, counterbalanced cross-over design, 10 swimmers were requested to perform two trials consisting of in-water repeated sprints in hypoxic (RSH, simulated 4,040 m; FiO = 13.7%) or normoxic (RSN, 459 m, FiO calibrated = 20.

Repeated sprint in hypoxia as a time-metabolic efficient strategy to improve physical fitness of obese women.

Purpose: To investigate the training and detraining effects of two different hypoxic high-intensity protocols on cardiorespiratory fitness, maximal fat oxidation and energy contribution in obese women.

Methods: 82 obese women completed a 12-week training of: (1) interval training in hypoxia (IHT; n = 19; 3 min at 90%W: 3 min at 55-65%W; FiO = 17.2%), (2) interval training in normoxia (INT; n = 20; 3 min at 90%W: 3 min at 55-65%W), (3) repeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH; n = 22; 30 s at 130%W: 3 min at 55-65%W; FiO = 17.

Using an Inertial Device (WIMU PRO) to Quantify Neuromuscular Load in Running: Reliability, Convergent Validity, and Influence of Type of Surface and Device Location.

Gómez-Carmona, CD, Bastida-Castillo, A, González-Custodio, A, Olcina, G, and Pino-Ortega, J. Using an inertial device (WIMU PRO) to quantify neuromuscular load in running: reliability, convergent validity, and influence of type of surface and device location. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 365-373, 2020-Currently, the use of accelerometers in sport is increasing, and thus, the devices are required to be valid and reliable.

Anthropometric and Physical Performance of Youth Handball Players: The Role of the Relative Age.

Background: The relative age effect is essential throughout all of the talent selection processes in sports, especially during adolescence, which leaves fewer athletes within each cohort that are born late in the selected year. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of relative age in anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of youth handball players by gender.

Methods: The sample that was selected included 47 participants (male n = 23, female n = 24).