The utility of TTF-1, napsin A, CK5 and p63 staining in the sub-classification of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Background: The potentially curative and/or palliative therapy for non-resectable lung cancer has evolved significantly over the past 2 decades. With the availability of targeted therapies, the need for precise sub-typing of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NCSLC) has become paramount.

Objectives: As there are few data from South Africa, we aimed to determine utility of TTF-1, napsin A, p63 and CK5 immunostaining on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cell block and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue biopsy specimens in subtyping NSCLC as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas.

Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer at a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa.

Background: Breast carcinoma remains the most prevalent cancer among women, with over 300 000 deaths annually worldwide. Axillary lymph node status is essential for the clinical staging of breast carcinoma and remains the single most important predictor of disease-free survival in breast carcinoma.

Objective: To determine effective histological examination of sentinel lymph node (SLN) sections for the detection of metastatic breast carcinoma.