Canopy Architectural Characteristics of Ten New Olive ( L.) Genotypes and Their Potential for Cultivation in Super-High-Density Orchards.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in olive genotypes ( L.) suitable for super-high-density (SHD > 1200 trees/hectare) orchards. To date, only a few cultivars are considered fitting for such cultivation system.

Dodine an effective alternative to copper for controlling , the causal agent of pea-cock eye disease, in highly infected olive trees.

A trial was carried out in central Italy in an olive orchard of cultivar Moraiolo, highly infected by . The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the effects of autumn and spring applications of copper oxychloride or dodine to control the disease. Non treated trees were used as the control.

Cultivar ideotype for intensive olive orchards: plant vigor, biomass partitioning, tree architecture and fruiting characteristics.

In order to achieve higher and earlier yield, modern olive orchards are increasingly intensified, with tree densities up to > 1500 trees hectare. With increasing tree densities, individual-tree canopy volume must be proportionally reduced. Not all cultivars are adaptable to high and very high orchard densities, because of excessive vigor and/or insufficient bearing when the canopy is pruned to a small volume.

From flower to fruit: fruit growth and development in olive ( L.)-a review.

The olive ( L.) is the most cultivated tree crop in the Mediterranean and among the most cultivated tree crops worldwide. Olive yield is obtained by the product of fruit number and fruit size; therefore, understanding fruit development, in terms of both number and size, is commercially and scientifically relevant.

Effects of cultivar, fruit presence and tree age on whole-plant dry matter partitioning in young olive trees.

This study investigated the effects of cultivar, fruit presence and tree age on whole-plant partitioning of dry matter and energy equivalents (i.e., glucose equivalents).

Stone Fruits: Growth and Nitrogen and Organic Acid Metabolism in the Fruits and Seeds-A Review.

Stone fruits of the Rosaceae family consist of several distinct parts, and these include the flesh, woody endocarp, and seed. To understand the metabolism of these fruits, it is necessary to have knowledge of both their structure and growth characteristics. The nitrogen metabolism of the different tissues of stone fruits is interlinked.

Fruit growth and sink strength in olive (Olea europaea) are related to cell number, not to tissue size.

The relationship between tissue (mesocarp and endocarp) growth and either tissue initial (i.e. in the ovary at bloom) size or cell number was studied using the olive cultivar Leccino (L) and its mutated clone (LC), which produces tetraploid fruits.

Changes in Absolute Contents of Compounds Affecting the Taste and Nutritional Properties of the Flesh of Three Plum Species Throughout Development.

The characteristics of plum fruits of three different species were investigated throughout their development (including over-ripening). The content of primary and secondary metabolites was expressed as amount per gram DW (dry weight) and per fruit in order to obtain information about the balance between their synthesis and dissimilation at different stages of fruit development. In all the plums, during the first stages of development, glucose was the most abundant sugar, whereas sucrose increased during ripening.

Resource investments in reproductive growth proportionately limit investments in whole-tree vegetative growth in young olive trees with varying crop loads.

It has long been debated whether tree growth is source limited, or whether photosynthesis is adjusted to the actual sink demand, directly regulated by internal and environmental factors. Many studies support both possibilities, but no studies have provided quantitative data at the whole-tree level, across different cultivars and fruit load treatments. This study investigated the effect of different levels of reproductive growth on whole-tree biomass growth across two olive cultivars with different growth rates (i.

Fruit production and branching density affect shoot and whole-tree wood to leaf biomass ratio in olive.

The amount of shoot stem (i.e., woody part of the shoot) dry matter per unit shoot leaf dry matter (i.

Effect of Genotype on the Sprouting of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Seeds as a Source of Phenolic Compounds from Juice Industry by-Products.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits are used mainly by the juice industry, for which seeds are a by-product to be disposed of, though they could potentially be a source of bioactive compounds. In this work, germination (total germination percentage, G; mean germination time, MGT; time to reach 80% of germination, TG80; seedling shoot length, fresh weight and dry matter), and nutritional value (total phenolics, TP; total flavonoids, TF; total non-tannins, TNT; antioxidant activities) of pomegranate seeds and sprouts were determined on four commercial pomegranate cultivars (Akko, Dente di Cavallo, Mollar de Elche and Wonderful).

Effect of agronomical practices on carpology, fruit and oil composition, and oil sensory properties, in olive (Olea europaea L.).

We examined whether some agronomical practices (i.e. organic vs.

Olive phenolic compounds: metabolic and transcriptional profiling during fruit development.

Background: Olive (Olea europaea L.) fruits contain numerous secondary metabolites, primarily phenolics, terpenes and sterols, some of which are particularly interesting for their nutraceutical properties. This study will attempt to provide further insight into the profile of olive phenolic compounds during fruit development and to identify the major genetic determinants of phenolic metabolism.

Tissue size and cell number in the olive (Olea europaea) ovary determine tissue growth and partitioning in the fruit.

The relationship between tissue size and cell number in the ovary and tissue size in the fruit, was studied in eight olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars with different fruit and ovary size. All tissues in the ovary increased in size with increasing ovary size.

Effects of kaolin application on light absorption and distribution, radiation use efficiency and photosynthesis of almond and walnut canopies.

Background And Aims: Kaolin applied as a suspension to plant canopies forms a film on leaves that increases reflection and reduces absorption of light. Photosynthesis of individual leaves is decreased while the photosynthesis of the whole canopy remains unaffected or even increases. This may result from a better distribution of light within the canopy following kaolin application, but this explanation has not been tested.