Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels for Controlled Glucose Release in Biomedical Applications.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedicine fields due to their exceptional biophysical properties. The study focuses on preparing and characterizing capsule-shaped PVA hydrogels to enhance their biocompatibility and porosity for controlled glucose release and cell proliferation. The hydrogels were prepared using different concentrations (Cs) and molecular weights (MWs) of PVA, with two different lengths, A (10 mm) and B (20 mm), to control glucose release over 60 min.

[Obesity and risk of relapse in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A retrospective study].

Background: Obesity has been associated with a low-grade proinflammatory state, and it has been related to the development of cancer in general, including hematologic cancer.

Aim: The present work aimed to identify the association of the diagnosis of obesity according to the body mass index (BMI) with prognostic factors of adult patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).

Patients And Method: This observational, retrospective study included hospitalized patients diagnosed with ALL of the B-cell lineages.

Effect of a Cross-Training and Resistance Exercise Routine on IL-15 in Adults with Type B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia during the Induction Phase: Randomized Pilot Study.

IL-15 is a proinflammatory myokine essential for activating NK cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and its overexpression has been related to reducing overall survivorship in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Physical exercise has been shown to be safe, feasible, and beneficial in hematological cancers. Exercise requires the activation of muscles that secrete cytokines, such as IL-15, causing immune mobilization.

Study of erythrocyte sedimentation in human blood through the photoacoustic signals analysis.

Introduction: In this study, we utilized the pulsed photoacoustic (PA) technique to analyze globular sedimentation in whole human blood, with a focus on distinguishing between healthy individuals and those with hemolytic anemia.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from both healthy individuals (women and men) and those with hemolytic anemia, and temporal and spectral parameters of PA signals were employed for analysis.

Results: Significant differences (p < 0.

Transcriptome Analysis in Mexican Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents around 25% of adult acute leukemias. Despite the increasing improvement in the survival rate of ALL patients during the last decade, the heterogeneous clinical and molecular features of this malignancy still represent a major challenge for treatment and achieving better outcomes. To identify aberrantly expressed genes in bone marrow (BM) samples from adults with ALL, transcriptomic analysis was performed using Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.

Genetic alterations in the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene related to imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Use of the potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib as the first-line treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has decreased mortality from 20% to 2%. Approximately 30% of CML patients experience imatinib resistance, however, largely because of point mutations in the kinase domain of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. The aim of this study was to use next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify mutations related to imatinib resistance.

The Inflammatory Biomarkers Behavior Profile of Patients Following Elective Degenerative Spine Surgery and Differences Compared to Those Coursing With a Postoperative Spinal Infection: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: The incidence of postoperative spinal infection (PSI) ranges from 0% to 10%, with devastating effects on the patient prognosis because of higher morbidity while increasing costs to the health care system. PSIs are elusive and difficult to diagnose, especially in the early postoperative state, because of confusing clinical symptoms, rise in serum biomarkers, or imaging studies. Current research on diagnosis has focused on serum biomarkers; nevertheless, most series rely on retrospective cohorts where biomarkers are studied individually and at different time points.

Abnormal expression of induces S-phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe in human T-lymphocyte leukemia.

Background: Leukemia is a neoplasm with high incidence and mortality rates. Mitotic death has been observed in tumor cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Ras family proteins participate in the transduction of signals involved in different processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and paradoxically, initiation of cell death.

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No disponible.

Impact of the Drug Resistance Gene on the Risk Factors of Patients with COVID-19 and Its Relationship with the Drugs Used.

Objective: In the last two years progress was made in molecular, physio pathological understanding and the form of transmission of COVID-19, and different therapeutic strategies have been explored to deal with the situation of the pandemic. However, the evaluation of certain genes that participate in the metabolism and transport of these drugs has not been fully explored. A lack of response to treatment and a lower survival have been observed that may be due to the presence of the drug resistance gene.

High expression levels and the C3435T SNP of the ABCB1 gene are associated with lower survival in adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia in Mexico City.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy characterized by different genetic alterations that cause changes in the normal mechanisms of differentiation, which are associated with chemoresistance. The ABCB1 gene is part of a family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes involved in the progression of various types of cancer. The following work aimed to evaluate the expression levels of the ABCB1 gene and the C3435T SNP with the response to first-line treatment and survival in patients with AML.

Usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-to-platelet ratios for the prognosis of COVID-19-associated complications.

Introduction: Various biomarkers based on blood counts have been useful for the prognosis of patients critically ill with COVID-19.

Objective: To describe the usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) and lymphocyte-to-platelet (LPR) ratios for the prognosis of mortality and ventilatory support requirement for COVID-19.

Method: Retrospective cohort of clinical records of patients with COVID-19 who required hospital care.

Association of three factors (ABCB1 gene expression, steroid response, early response at day + 8) on the response to induction in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) requires the combination of multiple drugs to integrate a complete remission. The different prognostic factors (age, leukocytes, risk, cytogenetic alterations) allow identifying those patients with a high risk of relapse, but there are few described factors that impact the induction response. The objective was to identify the utility of different risk factors (overexpression of the ABCB1 drug resistance gene, favorable response to steroids (FRS) and early response at day + 8 of treatment) on the percentage of complete remissions and overall survival.

Analysis of the dynamic aberrant landscape of DNA methylation and gene expression during arsenic-induced cell transformation.

Inorganic arsenic is a well-known carcinogen associated with several types of cancer, but the mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced carcinogenesis are not fully understood. Recent evidence points to epigenetic dysregulation as an important mechanism in this process; however, the effects of epigenetic alterations in gene expression have not been explored in depth. Using microarray data and applying a multivariate clustering analysis in a Gaussian mixture model, we describe the alterations in DNA methylation around the promoter region and the impact on gene expression in HaCaT cells during the transformation process caused by chronic exposure to arsenic.

[Effect of metformin added to chemotherapy on the survival of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Background: Metformin has antineoplastic and cancer protective effects in vitro, sensitizing leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic agents, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

Aim: To assess the effect of metformin on the induction stage in patients with ALL and its impact on overall survival and relapse.

Material And Methods: We included 123 patients treated with metformin and without metformin.

Effect of metformin on the survival of patients with ALL who express high levels of the ABCB1 drug resistance gene.

Background: In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), high ABCB1 gene expression has been associated with treatment resistance, which affects patient prognosis. Many preclinical reports and retrospective population studies have shown an anti-cancer effect of metformin. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of metformin on the treatment regimen in patients with ALL who exhibited high levels of ABCB1 gene expression and to determine its impact on overall survival.

Mutations in TET2 and DNMT3A genes are associated with changes in global and gene-specific methylation in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by its high biological and clinical heterogeneity, which represents an important barrier for a precise disease classification and accurate therapy. While epigenetic aberrations play a pivotal role in acute myeloid leukemia pathophysiology, molecular signatures such as change in the DNA methylation patterns and genetic mutations in enzymes needed to the methylation process can also be helpful for classifying acute myeloid leukemia. Our study aims to unveil the relevance of DNMT3A and TET2 genes in global and specific methylation patterns in acute myeloid leukemia.

A role for dystroglycan in the pathophysiology of acute leukemic cells.

Aims: Previous reports have demonstrated that alterations or reduced expression of Dystroglycan (Dg) complex (αDg and βDg subunits) are related to progression and severity of neoplastic solid tissues. Therefore we determined the expression pattern and subcellular distribution of Dg complex in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) primary blasts (M1, M2, and M3 phenotypes), as well as HL-60 and Kasumi-1 leukemia cell lines. Additionally, we evaluated the relative expression of the main enzymes controlling α-Dg glycosylation to ascertain the post-translational modifications in the leukemia cell phenotype.

[The age and sex frequencies of patients with leukemia seen in two reference centers in the metropolitan area of Mexico City].

Introduction: In developing countries, there is commonly a lack of population-based cancer registries or underreporting, thus not recognizing the true dimensions of the problem.

Aim: To describe the age and sex frequencies of the major subtypes of leukemias in two hospitals of reference in the metropolitan area of Mexico City.

Material And Methods: This is a descriptive and retrospective study, based on medical records of two hematology services during January 2007 to October 2014; all cases diagnosed with leukemia were included.

The rs61764370 Functional Variant in the KRAS Oncogene is Associated with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Risk in Women.

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of the most frequent hematopoietic malignancies in the elderly population; however, knowledge is limited regarding the genetic factors associated with increased risk for CML. Polymorphisms affecting microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis or mRNA:miRNA interactions are important risk factors in the development of different types of cancer. Thus, we carried out a case-control study to test the association with CML susceptibility of gene variants located in the miRNA machinery genes AGO1 (rs636832) and GEMIN4 (rs2740348), as well as in the miRNA binding sites of the genes BRCA1 (rs799917) and KRAS (rs61764370).

[The age and sex frequencies of patients with leukemia seen in two reference centers in the metropolitan area of Mexico City].

Introduction: A lack of a population-based cancer registry or underreporting is common in developing countries, without knowledge of the true dimensions of the problem.

Aim: To describe the age and sex frequencies of the major subtypes of leukemias in two reference hospitals in the metropolitan area of Mexico City.

Material And Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study, based on medical records of two hematology services during January 2007 to October 2014; all cases diagnosed with leukemia were included.