FishDNAIDs: DNA barcoding as a tool in the development and validation in silico and in vitro of detection systems to four species of Characiformes of commercial importance in the Brazilian Amazon.

Background: The COI mitochondrial gene has been chosen as the "DNA barcode in animals" and the large quantity of genetic information in public databanks gives solid support for the use of DNA barcoding as a promising tool for the development of a specific molecular detection system.

Methods And Results: The present study aimed to develop a Specific Molecular Detection System (SMDS: FishDNAIDs) (primers and probe sets) for the following four target species: Prochilodus nigricans, Potamorhina altamazonica, Psectrogaster rutiloides and Triportheus angulatus, in qPCR assays. In silico and in vitro tests (using gDNA) were performed to test these sets.

Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of Bacillus paramycoides LB_RP2, a Putative Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Producing Bacterium Isolated from an Amazonian Blackwater River.

Bacteria of the genus have been investigated due to the ability that many species have of accumulating polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) via a wide variety of raw materials as their carbon source. Herein, we report the draft whole-genome sequence of the putative PHA-accumulating strain Bacillus paramycoides LB_RP2, isolated from an Amazonian river.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Wild Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatoroseus DPUA 1720.

The draft whole-genome sequence of the mushroom DPUA 1720 (38,588,587 bp) is presented here. This report contributes to the prospective research for bioactive compounds in the genus .

Detection of Common Deletional of α-Thalassemia 3.7 Kb from Metropolitan Region of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.

Background: Alpha Thalassemia (α-thal) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary alterations caused by deletions that affect alpha regulatory genes, and the 3.7Kb deletion is the most frequent worldwide. The prevalence ranges from 20% and 35% in Brazil, depending mainly on race, predominant in Afro-descendants.

Culturable bacteria associated with Anopheles darlingi and their paratransgenesis potential.

Background: Malaria remains a major public health problem in South America, mostly in the Amazon region. Among newly proposed ways of controlling malaria transmission to humans, paratransgenesis is a promising alternative. Paratransgenesis aims to inhibit the development of parasites within the vector through the action of genetically modified bacteria.

Analysis of the transcription of genes encoding heat shock proteins (hsp) in Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, 1762 (Diptera: Culicidae), maintained under climatic conditions provided by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change) for the year 2100.

Human actions intensify the greenhouse effect, aggravating climate changes in the Amazon and elsewhere in the world. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) foresees a global increase of up to 4.5 °C and 850 ppm CO (above current levels) by 2100.

Oral prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species in cystic fibrosis patients.

Objective: This study aimed at assessing the oral prevalence ofCandida species in cystic fibrosis patients and the antifungal susceptibility of the isolates.

Design: One hundred patients aged 3-20 years old were included in the study and were divided into three groups: G1 (low severity disease): 25 cystic fibrosis patients with Shwachman-Kulczycki score (SK) between 100 and 71; G2 (high severity disease): 25 cystic fibrosis patients with SK score under 40; and G3 (control): 50 healthy patients age- and gender-matched to cystic fibrosis patients. Stimulated saliva samples were collected and the oral fungal concentrations were assessed.

Deletional Alpha-Thalassemia Alleles in Amazon Blood Donors.

Alpha-thalassemia is highly prevalent in the plural society of Brazil and is a public health problem. There is limited knowledge on its accurate frequency and distribution in the Amazon region. Knowing the frequency of thalassemia and the prevalence of responsible mutations is, therefore, an important step in the understanding and control program.

Potential of Bacterial Isolates from a Stream in Manaus-Amazon to Bioremediate Chromium-Contaminated Environments.

(IgQ), a stream located in the Manaus-AM, BR, has directly experienced the impacts of urban expansion over the last five decades, which contributed for its contamination. As an affluent of , IgQ also affects the water quality of this important river that bathes Manaus. However, the stress caused by the prolonged exposition to chemical agents may have selected microorganisms that exhibit great bioremediation potential.

Isolation of Microsporum gypseum in soil samples from different geographical regions of brazil, evaluation of the extracellular proteolytic enzymes activities (keratinase and elastase) and molecular sequencing of selected strains.

A survey of Microsporum gypseum was conducted in soil samples in different geographical regions of Brazil. The isolation of dermatophyte from soil samples was performed by hair baiting technique and the species were identified by morphology studies. We analyzed 692 soil samples and the recuperating rate was 19.

Effects of eating disorders on oral fungal diversity.

Background: The eating disorders anorexia and bulimia nervosa can cause several systemic and oral alterations related to poor nutrition and induced vomiting; however, the oral microflora of these patients is poorly studied.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate fungal microflora in the oral cavity of these patients by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods.

Study Design: Oral rinse samples were cultured to assess the prevalence of Candida species, and the isolates were identified by API system.

Molecular identification of Pichia guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii and Candida palmioleophila.

Traditional phenotypic methods and commercial kits based on carbohydrate assimilation patterns are unable to consistently distinguish among isolates of Pichia guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii and Candida palmioleophila. As result, these species are often misidentified. In this work, we established a reliable method for the identification/differentiation of these species.

Research on Candida dubliniensis in a Brazilian yeast collection obtained from cardiac transplant, tuberculosis, and HIV-positive patients, and evaluation of phenotypic tests using agar screening methods.

The aim of this study was to research Candida dubliniensis among isolates present in a Brazilian yeast collection and to evaluate the main phenotypic methods for discrimination between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis from oral cavity.

Oral distribution of Candida species and presence of oral lesions in Brazilian leprosy patients under multidrug therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida spp. and presence of oral lesions in Brazilian leprosy patients under multidrug therapy (MDT).

Methods: Thirty-eight individuals (18 males and 20 females, median age 53 years) clinically and microbiologically diagnosed as leprosy (lepromatous variant), and under MDT for at least 45 days were studied.