Clinical practice guidelines for diagnostic and treatment of the chronic heart failure.

Chronic heart failure continues to be one of the main causes of impairment in the functioning and quality of life of people who suffer from it, as well as one of the main causes of mortality in our country and around the world. Mexico has a high prevalence of risk factors for developing heart failure, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, which makes it essential to have an evidence-based document that provides recommendations to health professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. This document establishes the clinical practice guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) in collaboration with the Iberic American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, with the purpose of establishing recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts.

Dried Serum Samples for Antibody Detection in Arthropod-Borne Virus Infections Are an Effective Alternative to Serum Samples.

The disease burden of arthropod-borne infections is particularly high in low- and middle-income countries, where the availability of resources for surveillance and testing is limited. The lack of local infrastructure demands that biological samples be sent to central laboratories by refrigerated transport, which increases costs and the risk of sample degradation. Dried blood spot samples are an alternative for ensuring sample integrity during transportation and storage.

Effect of 3D-MOT training on the execution of manual dexterity skills in a population of older adults with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia.

Computerized cognitive training tools are an alternative to preventive treatments related to cognitive impairment and aging. In this study, the transfer of 3D multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) training on manual dexterity concerning fine and gross motor skills in 38 elderly participants, half of them with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the other half with mild dementia (MD) was explored. A total of 36 sessions of the 3D-MOT training program were administered to the subjects.

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in , , , and with the Clinical Forms of Dengue in Patients from Veracruz, Mexico.

Dengue manifestations range from a mild form, dengue fever (DF), to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The ability of the host to present one of these clinical forms could be related to polymorphisms located in genes of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which activate the pro-inflammatory response. Therefore, the genotyping of single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) in (rs3775291 and rs6552950), (rs2737190, rs10759932, rs4986790, rs4986791, rs11536865, and rs10983755), (rs179008 and rs3853839), and (rs3764880, rs5741883, rs4830805, and rs1548731) was carried out in non-genetically related DHF patients, DF patients, and general population (GP) subjects.

The Short-Term Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Renal Excretion of Sodium and Its Association with Blood Pressure.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has been shown to be effective in reducing weight and has benefits, such as lowering blood pressure. An increase in urinary sodium excretion has been suggested as a possible mechanism. This study explored changes in sodium excretion and their correlation with blood pressure after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Early identification of peripheral neuropathy based on sudomotor dysfunction in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes in Mexico has a high prevalence, 16-87% of patients may experience peripheral neuropathy. Early detection can prevent or halt its progression. The performance of Sudoscan in detecting neuropathy was compared to the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI).

Indices of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G subclasses in adult Mexican patients with febrile and hemorrhagic dengue in the acute phase.

Heterologous secondary infections are at increased risk of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) because of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). IgG subclasses can fix and activate complement and bind to Fcɣ receptors. These factors may also play an important role in the development of ADE and thus in the pathogenesis of DHF.

Serum Dried Samples to Detect Dengue Antibodies: A Field Study.

Background: Dried blood and serum samples are useful resources for detecting antiviral antibodies. The conditions for elution of the sample need to be optimized for each disease. Dengue is a widespread disease in Mexico which requires continuous surveillance.

[Blood group incompatibility as risk of corneal rejection].

Background: There is a high risk of rejection of a corneal transplant known as a “rejection episode” in our Hospital conditioned by multiple variables. The aim of this article is to analyze the different risk factors of “corneal rejection episode” in post-transplant patients at one year of follow-up and in particular to consider the presence of donor blood incompatibility during the first year of post-surgical follow-up.

Methods: A nested case-control study was designed in a cohort: observational, longitudinal, analytical and retrospective from year 2012 to 2013.

Relationship of receptors of adipokines with hypertension and obesity. Murine model.

Background: The aim of this paper is to investigated the contribution of adipose tissue thought the adipokines and kidney failure (KF)

Methods: In male rats were fed with a standard lab diet (C) or a hypercaloric diet including 30% sucrose; obese group (Ob) and obese with kidney failure group (Ob/KF). We evaluated the changes of adipokines under conditions of obesity and KF, using 5/6 surgery to induce vascular injury. The anterior and media branches of the left kidney artery were tied together, leaving the posterior branch viable to enable the kidney to function.

[Hemorrheologic effect of diuretics in the control of blood pressure in the hypertensive patient].

Background: Diuretics are the first choice as an antihypertensive, because of its efficacy and cost, however its mechanism of action is not well understood. The aim of this work was to analyze the hemorrheological effect of the diuretics as vasodilators in patients with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension.

Methods: Patients with hypertension were given diet and exercise recommendations and 25 mg of chlorthalidone per day were prescribed; Hemoglobin/hematocrit, viscosity, and basal nitric oxide (ON) were determined at 15 and 45 days and compared with healthy subjects.

[What to know before raising a research question?].

With the purpose of establishing a research question adequately, it is necessary to update the state of knowledge in scientific publications, in order to verify the originality of the hypothesis; for this it is necessary to have acquired the training that allows to read and adequately criticize the methodology and the analysis of the medical literature.

Increased Cardiovascular Risk Using Atherogenic Index Measurement Among Healthcare Workers.

Background And Aims: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This burden of disease is particularly high among healthcare workers. The aim of the study was to identify determinants that increase atherogenic index among healthcare workers.

Seroprevalence of Pandemic A(H1N1) pmd09 Virus Antibodies in Mexican Health Care Workers Before and After Vaccination.

Background And Aims: In April 2009, a new strain of influenza A(H1N1) was identified in Mexico and in the U.S. In June 2009, WHO declared this a pandemic.

Influence of serological factors and BMI on the blood pressure/hematocrit association in healthy young men and women.

The association between mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and hematocrit (Hct) as a surrogate for blood viscosity was investigated in a young (average 20.0±2.3 years), healthy population of 174 men and 442 women.

[Demographic factors and comorbidity associated to prehypertension].

Background: prehypertension is the category established in JNC-7, which designates the individuals that present diastolic blood pressure of 80-89 mm Hg and systolic blood pressure of 120-139 mm Hg, and it is associated to high rates of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the study was to identify prevalence rates and their correlation with sociodemographic factors and comorbidity in a sample of a population of Veracruz, Mexico.

Methods: a cross-sectional and representative survey was chosen by means of probability sampling.

[Homocysteine after a methionine load in healthy subjects with adequate B-vitamin status].

Background: Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) determination at 6-8 h after an oral methionine load (OML) allows for identification of some, but not all, individuals at risk to develop cardiovascular disease. It is probable that in some cases the Hcy increases occur later, or it elevates between normal ranges but in a sustained manner. However, the entire Hcy response curve has not been described.

[Clinical effect of lifestyle modification on cardiovascular risk in prehypertensives: PREHIPER I study].

The objective was to determine the effect of lifestyle modification on cardiovascular risk in individuals with prehypertension, which is defined as a systolic blood pressure between 120 mmHg and 139 mmHg and a diastolic pressure between 80 mmHg and 89 mmHg. A randomized clinical trial was carried out in prehypertensives to compare those who took part in a program involving dietary modification, physical activity and educational sessions with those who followed normal recommendations. Cardiovascular risk was evaluated using the Framingham risk score and the chi-squared test, the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Friedman test.

Increased hematocrit and reduced blood pressure following control of glycemia in diabetes.

In this study we determine the effects of reducing blood glucose on mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and hematocrit (Hct) in patients with type 2 diabetes who are not responding to conventional treatment in an intensive treatment program 1 year after initiation of treatment. Data on MAP, glucose and Hct was obtained from 21 diabetic type 2 individuals subjected to personalized treatment and compared (paired statistics) to pretreatment conditions. Exclusion criteria were severe retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, amputation of diabetic foot and increased glucose>50 mg/dl.

Seven and 3.5-day rhythms in the incidence of myocardiopathies in Mexico.

Background: There is recent evidence about the existence of 7- and 3.5-day rhythms in some biological systems, particularly in human diseases. The objective of this work was to analyze and compare health data from various sources in Mexico to find this rhythm and a plausible explanation.

Use of perftoran emulsion to decrease allogeneic blood transfusion in cardiac surgery: clinical trial.

Perflurocarbon emulsions (PFC) have the capacity of transporting oxygen through the bloodstream and may be safe and effective alternatives to allogeneic blood transfusions during surgical procedures. Perftoran was the PFC used in a randomized clinical trial conducted at Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico La Raza, Mexico City. The clinical trial took a sample group, n = 30, of patients that were scheduled for elective cardiac valvuloplasty surgery in combination with preoperative acute normovolemic hemodilution and an inspiratory oxygen fraction (FI02) of 1.

Paradoxical hypotension following increased hematocrit and blood viscosity.

Hematocrit (Hct) of awake hamsters and CD-1 mice was acutely increased by isovolemic exchange transfusion of packed red blood cells (RBCs) to assess the relation between Hct and blood pressure. Increasing Hct 7-13% of baseline decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by 13 mmHg. Increasing Hct above 19% reversed this trend and caused MAP to rise above baseline.