Effect of vibration frequency on agonist and antagonist arm muscle activity.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of vibration frequency (f out) on the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) muscles when acting as agonist and antagonist during static exercises with different loads.

Methods: Fourteen healthy men were asked to hold a vibratory bar as steadily as possible for 10 s during lying row (pulling) and bench press (pushing) exercise at f out of 0 (non-vibration condition), 18, 31 and 42 Hz with loads of 20, 50, and 80 % of the maximum sustainable load (MSL). The root mean square of the EMG activity (EMGRMS) of the BB and TB muscles was expressed as a function of the maximal EMGRMS for respective muscles to characterize agonist activation and antagonist coactivation.

The influence of preset frequency, loading condition, and exercise type on the mechanical behavior of a novel vibratory bar.

This study aimed to analyze the influence of different vibration frequencies, loading conditions, and exercise types on the mechanical behavior of a novel vibratory bar (VB). Fourteen healthy men were asked to hold the VB during lying row (pulling) and bench press (pushing) static exercise as steadily as possible for 10 seconds with loads of 20, 50, and 80% of the maximum sustained load (MSL) and at preset vibration frequencies (f(in)) of 20, 35, and 50 Hz. Root mean square vibration acceleration (a(RMS)), peak-to-peak displacement (D), and frequency (f(out)) were gained from a 3-dimensional accelerometer fixed to the VB.

High energy deficit in an ultraendurance athlete in a 24-hour ultracycling race.

This case study examined the nutritional behavior and energy balance in an official finisher of a 24-hour ultracycling race. The food and beverages consumed by the cyclist were continuously weighed and recorded to estimate intake of energy, macronutrients, sodium, and caffeine. In addition, during the race, heart rate was continuously monitored.

Nutritional behavior of cyclists during a 24-hour team relay race: a field study report.

Background: Information about behavior of energy intake in ultra-endurance cyclists during a 24-hour team relay race is scarce. The nutritional strategy during such an event is an important factor which athletes should plan carefully before the race. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the nutritional intake of ultra-endurance cyclists during a 24-hour team relay race with the current nutritional guidelines for endurance events.

Physiological demands of cyclists during an ultra-endurance relay race: a field study report.

This study was to describe and compare the physiological demands of ultra-endurance cyclists during a 24 h cycling relay race. Eleven male athletes (means +/- SD: 34.8 +/- 5.

Successful treatment of moderate to severe melasma with triple-combination cream and glycolic acid peels: a pilot study.

Triple-combination (TC) cream is a stable combination of fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%, hydroquinone 4%, and tretinoin 0.05%, and currently is the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for the topical treatment of melasma.