Assessing the potential fasting and postprandial mechanisms involved in the acute hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects of four selected plants from Iran used in traditional Persian medicine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), people often use herbal infusions as a dosage form to treat diseases related to hyperglycemia, known as 'dam-kardeh'. Traditionally, herbal preparations of Eryngium bungei Boiss. (E.

Medicinal plants traditionally used in health care practices by inhabitants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The present study is the first quantitative assessment of ethno-medicinal plants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Aim Of The Study: The study aimed to document the relative importance of medicinal plants used in human ailments by the villagers in the Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Material And Methods: Data were collected from 132 informants (72 male and 60 female) through semi structured interviews and group discussions.

Identification of Hypoglycemic Glycolipids from by Affinity-Directed Fractionation, In Vitro, In Silico and Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis.

In the pursuit of identifying the novel resin glycoside modulators glucose-6-phosphatase and -glucosidase enzymes, associated with blood sugar regulation, methanol-soluble extracts from the flowers of (cazahuate, Nahuatl), renowned for its abundance of glycolipids, were employed. The methanol-soluble extracts were fractionated by applying the affinity-directed method with glucose-6-phosphatase enzymes from a rat's liver and -glucosidase enzymes from its intestines. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to identify the high-affinity compound as a free ligand following the release from the enzymatic complex.

Chemical Diversity and Medicinal Potential of Vitex negundo L.: From Traditional Knowledge to Modern Clinical Trials.

In Vedic context, Nirgundi (V. negundo) has been utilized for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. It has been employed to alleviate pain, treat skin conditions, and address various ailments.

Diabetes-Related Mechanisms of Action Involved in the Therapeutic Effect of Species: A Systematic Review.

Over the years, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical investigations have been conducted to understand the potential effects of the genus on several diseases. It has been revealed that these terpenoid-rich species traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, heal wounds, and relieve pain have a wide range of therapeutic effects; however, those used to treat diabetes, as well as their action mechanisms, have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to compile all species that have shown pharmacological effects against diabetes and describe their action mechanisms.

Phytochemical Screening and Isolation of New -Clerodane Diterpenoids from Lotsy.

Phytochemical screening of an ethanol-water extract (EWE) from the bark of led to the isolation and identification of eight compounds, among them: five -clerodane diterpenoids [junceic acid (), 6()-acetoxy-15,16-diepoxy--cleroda-3,13(16),14-trien-20-oic acid (crotoguatenoic acid A) (), 6()-hydroxyoxy-15,16-diepoxy--cleroda-3,13(16),14-trien-20-oic acid (crotoguatenoic acid B) (), formosin F (), bartsiifolic acid ()], and three flavonoids [rutin (), epicatechin (), and quercetin ()]. Of these, and are reported here for the first time. Structures were established through conventional spectroscopy methods and their absolute configurations were determined by optical rotation and comparison of experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and theoretical calculated ECD spectra.

Chronic Antihyperglycemic Effect Exerted by Traditional Extracts of Three Mexican Medicinal Plants.

Chronic hyperglycemia, the product of uncontrolled diabetes, leads to the appearance of vascular complications that can result in the premature death of diabetic patients. Consequently, pharmacological intervention with hypoglycemic agents could delay these complications and improve the quality of life of patients in the long term. Traditional Mexican medicine provides a great wealth of medicinal plants that are used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for nearly 90-95% of total cases.

Phytochemical Study of F. Delaroche and the Inhibitory Capacity of Its Main Compounds on Two Glucose-Producing Pathway Enzymes.

One undescribed acylated flavonol glucoside and five known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of F. Delaroche, a plant that is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat type 2 diabetes. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS).

Approaches to Decrease Hyperglycemia by Targeting Impaired Hepatic Glucose Homeostasis Using Medicinal Plants.

Liver plays a pivotal role in maintaining blood glucose levels through complex processes which involve the disposal, storage, and endogenous production of this carbohydrate. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating hepatic glucose production and glucose storage as glycogen, thus abnormalities in its function lead to hyperglycemia in obese or diabetic patients because of higher production rates and lower capacity to store glucose. In this context, two different but complementary therapeutic approaches can be highlighted to avoid the hyperglycemia generated by the hepatic insulin resistance: 1) enhancing insulin function by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, one of the main enzymes that disrupt the insulin signal, and 2) direct regulation of key enzymes involved in hepatic glucose production and glycogen synthesis/breakdown.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Two Mexican Medicinal Plants.

Type 2 diabetes is a worldwide prevalent disease that is due to a progressive loss of adequate β-cell insulin secretion, frequently against a background of insulin resistance. In Mexican traditional medicine, the therapeutic use of hypoglycemic plants to control the disease is a common practice among type 2 diabetic patients. In the present work, we examined the traditional use of the aerial parts of and the rhizome of , consumed by people use over the day (in fasting state) to control their blood glucose levels, therefore, we aimed to assess the acute hypoglycemic effect of both plants.

Corrigendum to "Phytochemical Composition and Chronic Hypoglycemic Effect of on STZ-NA-Induced Diabetic Rats".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/9276953.].

Contribution of fasting and postprandial glucose-lowering mechanisms to the acute hypoglycemic effect of traditionally used Eryngium cymosum F.Delaroche.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche was detected as a traditional remedy against type 2 diabetes consumed by patients of Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico.

Aim Of The Study: Assessing the hypoglycemic effect and safety of the traditional extract of E.

Hypoglycemic Effect of (Mill.) DC.

The onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a consequence of the progressive loss of adequate -cell insulin secretion, which frequently occurs under a background of insulin resistance. Currently, nearly 13 million Mexicans are living with diabetes. Moreover, due to poor socioeconomic conditions and the cultural idiosyncrasies of the Mexican population, the use of medicinal plants to treat T2D is a common practice in Mexico.

Glucose-6-Phosphatase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Roots Identified by Affinity-Directed Fractionation.

Unlabelled: The ethanol/water-soluble extracts of the roots of M. Martens & Galeotti, Smilacaceae, which have been appreciated since pre-Hispanic times and traditionally used to treat type 2 diabetes in Mexico, were fractionated by the application of the affinity-directed method to identify glucose-6-phosphatase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the inhibitor as free ligands after released from the enzymatic complex by denaturing acidic conditions.

Antinociceptive Effect of an Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil from .

Infusions and poultices prepared from the aerial parts of Kunth (Asteraceae) are widely used in Oaxaca (Mexico) for relieving painful and inflammatory complaints. Therefore, the antinociceptive potential of an aqueous extract (31.6-316 mg/kg, p.

Molecules Isolated from Mexican Hypoglycemic Plants: A Review.

Like in many developing countries, in Mexico, the use of medicinal plants is a common practice. Based on our own field experience, there are at least 800 plants used for treating diabetes nowadays. Thus, their investigation is essential.

Access and Benefit Sharing Under the Nagoya Protocol-? Six Latin American Case Studies Assessing Opportunities and Risk.

Background: Global challenges related to access and benefit sharing (ABS) of biological resources have become a key concern in the area of research on herbal medicines, ethnopharmacology, drug discovery, and the development of other high value products for which Intellectual Property protection can be secured. While the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, Rio 1992) has been recognized as a huge step forward, the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol (NP) and of new forms of collaboration often remain unresolved, especially in the context of "the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources" (Convention on Biological Diversity, 2011). The vision and the specific implementation of this international treaty vary from country to country, which poses additional challenges.

Hepatic Glucose Output Inhibition by Mexican Plants Used in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

hepatic glucose production or hepatic gluconeogenesis is the main contributor to hyperglycemia in the fasting state in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) owing to insulin resistance, which leads to at least twice as much glucose synthesis compared to healthy subjects. Therefore, control of this pathway is a promising target to avoid the chronic complications associated with elevated glucose levels. Patients with T2D in the rural communities of Mexico use medicinal plants prepared as infusions that are consumed over the day between meals, thus following this rationale (consumption of the infusions in the fasting state), one approach to understanding the possible mechanism of action of medicinal plants is to assess their capacity to inhibit hepatic glucose production.

Phytochemical Composition and Chronic Hypoglycemic Effect of on STZ-NA-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Oral administration of an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of to STZ-NA rats showed a significant hypoglycemic effect in a chronic trial lasting 42 days. Chromatographic profiles of the active extract (WE) and an organic extract (OE) of were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used to identify their major components. Isolation and identification of the compounds present in the extracts were accomplished by means of various conventional chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.