Artificial Intelligence - Perception of Clinical Laboratories' Technical Staff a Nationwide Multicentre Survey in Pakistan.

Introduction: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology continues to assimilate into various industries, there is a huge scope in the healthcare industry specifically in clinical laboratories. The perspective of the laboratory professionals can give valuable insight on the ideal path to take for AI implementation.

Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted at the section of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the Aga Khan University (AKU), Karachi, Pakistan in collaboration with Consultant Pathologists of 9 clinical laboratories associated with teaching hospitals across Pakistan from October-November 2023.

Diagnoses and Outcomes of Patients with Suspicion of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Raised High Sensitive Troponin I: A Single Center Study from Pakistan.

 Troponins are classically raised in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) although other cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes are recognized. We aimed to see the association of high sensitivity (Hs) Troponin I values exceeding the sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) with diagnoses, emergency department (ED) outcomes, 30-day outcomes of admitted patients and predictors of ACS in both genders.  A retrospective study of all patients presenting to the emergency department from January 2019 to April 2021 with suspicion of ACS and Hs-Troponin I values greater than the sex-specific 99th percentile URL.

Development of a virtual classroom for pre-analytical phase of laboratory medicine for undergraduate medical students using the Delphi technique.

Background: Amongst the pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phase of laboratory testing, pre-analytical phase is the most error-prone. Knowledge gaps in understanding of pre-analytical factors are identified in the clinical years amongst undergraduate students due to lack of formal teaching modules on the pre-analytical phase. This study was conducted to seek experts' consensus in Clinical Chemistry on learning objectives and contents using the Delphi technique with an aim to develop an asynchronous virtual classroom for teaching pre-analytical factors of laboratory testing.

Evaluation of serum neuron specific enolase levels among patients with primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome.

Introduction: Burning mouth syndrome is a painful condition of the oral cavity with ambiguous pathogenesis and diagnosis. Neuron-specific enolase is increased in several conditions including peripheral neuropathy of diabetes, ophthalmopathies, spinal cord injuries and tumors. Evidence on association of burning mouth syndrome and neuron-specific enolase is limited.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Procalcitonin (PCT) as an Early Biomarker of Neonatal Sepsis using Blood Culture as Gold Standard.

Objective: To ascertain the diagnostic accuracy of serum PCT as an early biomarker of neonatal sepsis using blood culture as gold standard, so that the condition could be diagnosed and managed early to prevent and reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates.  Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Dr.

Salivary Interleukin 1-beta levels and clinical periodontal parameters in habitual naswar users and non-users.

Objectives: Aim of our study was to assess the expression of salivary Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) and clinical periodontal parameters in users and non-users (controls).

Methods: Eighty four individuals (forty-two users and forty-two controls) were included in the study which was conducted between August 2017 and May 2018. Salivary IL-1β levels, plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was assessed in all the participants.

Differential expression of salivary S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis.

Aim: To investigate the expression of salivary S100A7 levels among patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and healthy controls.

Method: A total number of 60 participants were included in the study (30 OSF cases and 30 healthy controls). Demographic data was collected using a structured baseline questionnaire.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) in Post-Menopausal Patients with Ovarian Mass.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ROMA in postmenopausal women with history of ovarian mass.

Study Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Dr.

The glomerular filtration rate: comparison of various predictive equations based on serum creatinine with conventional creatinine clearance test in Pakistani population.

Introduction: To compare the conventional creatinine clearance measured on 24-h urine collection with the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate by Cockcroft & Gault (CG) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) prediction equations in adults aged 20 years and above in Pakistani population.

Methods: All the patients, including inpatient admitted in hospital and outpatients, more than 20 years of age, reporting for the test of creatinine clearance in clinical chemistry department of Dr. Ziauddin Hospital clinical laboratory from 1st January to 31st December 2006 were studied.