Anisometropia and refractive status in children with unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the refractive status and thereby assess anisometropia in children with unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Study Design: This study design was a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration: this study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismology, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi; from August 2013 to July 2014.

Comparison of Anisometropia and Refractive Status in Children With Unilateral and Bilateral Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the refractive state in children diagnosed as having unilateral or bilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO). This study also compares how the laterality of CNLDO affects the refractive state of the patients.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study includes consecutive children with unilateral and bilateral CNLDO over a period of 1 year.

Fraser Syndrome.

Fraser's Syndrome (FS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with a spectrum of malformations. The most consistent features are Cryptophthalmos (CO), syndactyly, genitourinary tract abnormalities, laryngeal and tracheal anomalies, craniofacial dysmorphism, malformations of the ear and nose, orofacial clefting and musculoskeletal defects. FS is genetically heterogeneous; so far mutations in FRAS1, FREM2 and GRIP1 genes have been linked to FS.

Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.

A 19 years boy with a 2 years history of reduced and fluctuating vision along with change in pupillary shape and iris colour in his left eye presented to the glaucoma clinic. Ocular examination revealed distinct unilateral stretch holes, iris architecture changes and localized iris atrophy. Intraocular pressure was 16 mmHg in the right and 36 mmHg in the left eye.