Behavioural, Teratogenic and Genotoxic Effects of Antibacterial Compounds, Triclocarban and Triclosan, in Hydra vulgaris.

Triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) are antibacterial compounds used in household, veterinary, industrial and personal care products, which are known to be environmental pollutants and also toxic to organisms. The toxicological effects of these antibacterial chemicals on higher organisms have been studied in detail. But in lower invertebrates like hydra, it is still rare and yet to be explored.

A Computational Approach in the Systematic Search of the Interaction Partners of Alternatively Spliced TREM2 Isoforms.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by the pathological accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is increasingly recognized as playing a central role in Aβ clearance and microglia activation in AD. The gene transcriptional product is alternatively spliced to produce three different protein isoforms.

Tuberculous arthritis of native joints - a systematic review and European Bone and Joint Infection Society workgroup report.

: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the existing published data on the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) arthritis involving native joints in adults aged 18 years and older. : This study was performed in accordance with the guidelines provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). : The systematic review of the literature yielded 20 data sources involving 573 patients from nine countries.

Guideline for management of septic arthritis in native joints (SANJO).

This clinical guideline is intended for use by orthopedic surgeons and physicians who care for patients with possible or documented septic arthritis of a native joint (SANJO). It includes evidence and opinion-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with SANJO.

Rare Case of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Infection following Repair of Pectoralis Major Avulsion: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections of the musculoskeletal system are commonly missed due to their rarity and the absence of systemic symptoms. Here, we present a rare case of NTM infection following repair of an avulsed pectoralis major tendon in an immunocompetent host managed by a multi-disciplinary team specializing in musculoskeletal infections.

Case Report: A 23-year-old male patient presented with discharging sinus in the right axilla for 6 months.

Second Ray Amputation in Diabetic Foot - Functionally Better than Proximal Foot Amputations, but Beware of Charcot Arthropathy: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Lower limb amputations secondary to diabetic foot infection/osteomyelitis (OM) are the most common cause for non-traumatic amputations of the lower extremity. Hind/midfoot amputations are commonly done for metatarsal (MT) OM. They are, however, associated with higher complication and revision rates and often lead to below knee amputation.

Salvaging lives in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative osteoarticular and soft tissue infections: early compromises save lives.

Purpose: Incidence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections has risen alarmingly all across the globe, both in developed and developing countries alike. The purpose of this study was to assess whether challenges of life-threatening infections with very high resistance pattern can be successfully addressed by a modified approach.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 26 patients with osteoarticular and soft tissue infections with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli treated between 2001 and 2017 with at least two year follow-up after stopping antibiotics.

Hierarchical Machine Learning for High-Fidelity 3D Printed Biopolymers.

A hierarchical machine learning (HML) framework is presented that uses a small dataset to learn and predict the dominant build parameters necessary to print high-fidelity 3D features of alginate hydrogels. We examine the 3D printing of soft hydrogel forms printed with the freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogel method based on a CAD file that isolated the single-strand diameter and shape fidelity of printed alginate. Combinations of system variables ranging from print speed, flow rate, ink concentration to nozzle diameter were systematically varied to generate a small dataset of 48 prints.

Fungal osteomyelitis and soft tissue infections: Simple solutions to uncommon scenarios.

Introduction: Fungal osteoarticular/soft tissue infections (FOaSI) are an uncommon entity with protracted course due to variability in clinical picture, slow progression; resulting in misdiagnosis with empirical therapy. Recent studies have shown an alarming emergence of FOaSI in immunocompetent individuals with high mortality rates. This study recommends a protocol for managing these complex and confusing scenarios.

Analgesic effectiveness of Local Infiltrative Analgesia alone versus combined single dose adductor canal block with Local Infiltrative Analgesia: A single centre case control study.

Background: Both adductor canal block (ACB) and of Local Infiltrative Analgesia (LIA) have been shown to reduce pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The efficacy of combining ACB and LIA remains controversial. The objective of this study is to analyse the effect of LIA + single dose ACB compared to LIA alone on early post-operative pain and mobilization in TKA.

Diagnosis and Management of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis: A Drastic Change in Mind Set Needed-It is Not Enough to Simply Diagnose TB.

Background: In the era of increasing drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), it is prudent to assess causes of poor response to anti tubercular therapy (ATT) and drug sensitivity pattern (DSP) in osteoarticular TB.

Materials And Methods: As a part of Bombay Orthopaedic society's research project, members were asked to refer non responders to ATT to our institute. Cases were enrolled from October 2010 to March 2014.

Safety and efficacy of sequential simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty: A single centre retrospective cohort study.

Background: Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a promising option for patients with bilateral arthritis of the knee because of the requirement of a single hospitalization and anesthetic regimen, reduced overall hospital stay, lower overall costs, and quicker recovery compared to staged bilateral TKA. However, there are conflicting reports on the safety of the procedure, with little data available in the Indian setting. Herein, we compared the efficacy and safety of sequential simultaneous bilateral TKA (SSBTKA) with those of unilateral TKA (UTKA).

Twisted Plating - A Method of Distal Fibula Fixation.

 The literature entails various intramedullary and extramedullary methods for distal fibula fracture fixation; with no consensus yet over the ideal method of fixation. We have retrospectively analyzed the results of using a twisted and contoured 3.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) as a posterior buttress plate.

Advantages of clamping and drainage over continuous drainage in a total knee arthroplasty.

Introduction: The use of closed-suction drainage systems after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is common practice in India, but with no consensus on its use. In this retrospective study, we compared whether clamped or unclamped drainage has any advantages over the other in unilateral TKA.

Methods: Group-A (n = 351) had an unclamped drain removed at 24 h postoperative, with measurement of total drainage at 24 h between January 2011 and February 2013.

Decreasing hospital length of stay and enhancing recovery in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Patients undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) typically have early postoperative pain and decreased mobility, especially so in the first 24 h. Achieving a pain free knee in the immediate postoperative period and reducing complications using multimodal pain and blood management protocols forms a keystone in early mobilization and functional recovery. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery pathways (ERASp) since their inception, have significantly improved perioperative care and functional outcomes, thereby reducing the average length of stay (ALOS), complications and overall healthcare costs.

Multidimensional management of a vascular injury following total knee arthroplasty: A rare case report.

Acute vascular injury during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an extremely rare complication, but one which can have devastating consequences threatening the limb and/or life of the patient if not diagnosed and managed at the earliest. The clinical presentation can vary from acute haemorrhage or ischemia in the peri operative period; to a delayed presentation of recurrent swelling and pain secondary to a geniculate or popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm. This is the first reported case of an acute inferolateral genicular artery haemorrhage following TKA and the associated medical complications.

Reduction of Gamma Radiation-Induced Damage by Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Nardostachys jatamansi.

The search for a nontoxic radioprotector has not yielded any promising results. Many antioxidant compounds, though effective under in vitro conditions as radioprotectors, have failed under in vivo settings due to their toxicity. The Indian medical system of Ayurveda uses a variety of plants with antioxidant potential, and these may be harboring molecules with radioprotective properties.

Radiation-Induced Wound Infections in Operated Soft Tissue Sarcomas: An Unbelievable Challenge in a Series of Five Cases.

Introduction: The standard modality for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas is a wide excision followed by radiation therapy either in the form of external beam radiation or brachytherapy. Radiation therapy thus is an integral part of management and limb salvage in these cases. This, however, subjects the irradiated tissue to a greater risk for necrosis and local infection.

Careful interpretation of the wound status is needed with use of antibiotic impregnated biodegradable synthetic pure calcium sulfate beads: Series of 39 cases.

The use of antibiotic impregnated biodegradable synthetic high purity calcium sulfate (SHPCS) beads is frequently reported as they offer increased concentration of antibiotics locally, without need for removal. However some wound discharge following their use has been noted. The purpose of this study was to determine any correlation between wound discharge and infection remission.

Rare Case of Iliopsoas Abscess Secondary to Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon: A Case Report.

Introduction: Iliopsoas abscess (IPA) has varied clinical symptomatology and various clinical disorders may mimic it. Tuberculosis of spine is the most common source of secondary IPA in the developing countries. However, IPA may be rarely caused by colon cancer which is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy.

Aspergillus Osteomyelitis of the Ribs in Immunocompetent Hosts: Report of Two Rare Cases.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis is rarely caused by fungi, most common among them being Candida. Aspergillus is a rare cause of fungal osteomyelitis mimics tuberculous osteomyelitis. Aspergillus osteomyelitis (AO) of the ribs is relatively uncommon, with an incidence rate of only 9% among all reported cases of AO.

Cerclage Wiring as an Adjunct for the Treatment of Femur Fractures: Series of 11 Cases.

Introduction: Cerclage wiring has been used in the past for osteosynthesis of femoral fractures. However, the technique went into disrepute as extensive soft tissue dissection, and periosteal stripping increased the risk of bone necrosis and delayed union. Advent of new instrumentation and minimally invasive technique has significantly reduced these complications.

Mitigation of whole-body gamma radiation-induced damages by Clerodendron infortunatum in mammalian organisms.

Several phytoceuticals and extracts of medicinal plants are reported to mitigate deleterious effects of ionizing radiation. The potential of hydro-alcoholic extract of Clerodendron infortunatum (CIE) for providing protection to mice exposed to gamma radiation was investigated. Oral administration of CIE bestowed a survival advantage to mice exposed to lethal doses of gamma radiation.

Protective effect of ayurvedic formulations against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: Preliminary studies on Brahma Rasayana and Chyavanaprash.

Aim Of Study: The present work aimed to examine the efficacy of two ayurvedic formulations, Brahma Rasayana (BRM) and Chyavanaprash (CHM) to alleviate doxorubicin (DOX) induced acute cardiotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Swiss albino mice were administered with DOX (25 mg/kg, i.p.

Detecting Inappropriate Access to Electronic Health Records Using Collaborative Filtering.

Many healthcare facilities enforce security on their electronic health records (EHRs) through a corrective mechanism: some staff nominally have almost unrestricted access to the records, but there is a strict audit process for inappropriate accesses, i.e., accesses that violate the facility's security and privacy policies.