Arsenic acquisition, toxicity and tolerance in plants - From physiology to remediation: A review.

Globally, environmental contamination by potentially noxious metalloids like arsenic is becoming a critical concern to the living organisms. Arsenic is a non-essential metalloid for plants and can be acclimatised in plants to toxic levels. Arsenic acquisition by plants poses serious health risks in human due to its entry in the food chain.

Copper bioavailability, uptake, toxicity and tolerance in plants: A comprehensive review.

Copper (Cu) is an essential element for humans and plants when present in lesser amount, while in excessive amounts it exerts detrimental effects. There subsists a narrow difference amid the indispensable, positive and detrimental concentration of Cu in living system, which substantially alters with Cu speciation, and form of living organisms. Consequently, it is vital to monitor its bioavailability, speciation, exposure levels and routes in the living organisms.

The Role of Salicylic Acid in Plants Exposed to Heavy Metals.

Salicylic acid (SA) is a very simple phenolic compound (a CHO compound composed of an aromatic ring, one carboxylic and a hydroxyl group) and this simplicity contrasts with its high versatility and the involvement of SA in several plant processes either in optimal conditions or in plants facing environmental cues, including heavy metal (HM) stress. Nowadays, a huge body of evidence has unveiled that SA plays a pivotal role as plant growth regulator and influences intra- and inter-plant communication attributable to its methyl ester form, methyl salicylate, which is highly volatile. Under stress, including HM stress, SA interacts with other plant hormones (e.

Chromium Bioaccumulation and Its Impacts on Plants: An Overview.

Chromium (Cr) is an element naturally occurring in rocky soils and volcanic dust. It has been classified as a carcinogen agent according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Therefore, this metal needs an accurate understanding and thorough investigation in soil-plant systems.

Insights into the tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Coronopus didymus L. (Sm) grown under zinc stress.

Zinc (Zn) is a vital micronutrient for plants, but its abundance can be calamitous. In this study, a screenhouse experiment was conducted over a 6-week period to assess the effect of soil enrichment with Zn regimes (100, 250 and 500 mg kg) on growth, Zn accumulation, photosynthetic pigment concentration, oxidative stress markers and activities of antioxidant enzymes in Coronopus didymus. Results revealed that Zn concentration in C.

Global evaluation of heavy metal content in surface water bodies: A meta-analysis using heavy metal pollution indices and multivariate statistical analyses.

Water is polluted by increasing activities of population and the necessity to provide them with goods and services that use water as a vital resource. The contamination of water due to heavy metals (HMs) is a big concern for humankind; however, global studies related to this topic are scarce. Thus, the current review assesses the content of HMs in surface water bodies throughout the world from 1994 to 2019.

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress.

Plants face a variety of abiotic stresses, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately obstruct normal growth and development of plants. To prevent cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, plants accumulate certain compatible solutes known as osmolytes to safeguard the cellular machinery. The most common osmolytes that play crucial role in osmoregulation are proline, glycine-betaine, polyamines, and sugars.

Pollution assessment of heavy metals in soils of India and ecological risk assessment: A state-of-the-art.

Soil is substantive component of biosphere, which is exposed to plethora of pollutants including heavy metals. These are added by natural as well as anthropogenic activities. Upsurge in heavy metal content affects all organisms by biomagnification.

Ethylenediamine disuccinic acid enhanced phytoextraction of nickel from contaminated soils using Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm.

In a screenhouse, the applicability of biodegradable chelant ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) to enhance Ni-phytoextraction by Coronopus didymus was tested for the first time. This study assayed the hypothesis based upon the role of EDDS on physiological and biochemical alterations and ameliorating phytoextraction capacity of C. didymus under nickel (Ni) stress.

Phytoremediation of lead by a wild, non-edible Pb accumulator Coronopus didymus (L.) Brassicaceae.

Coronopus didymus was examined in terms of its ability to remediate Pb-contaminated soils. Pot experiments were conducted for 4 and 6 weeks to compare the growth, biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, lead (Pb) uptake, and accumulation by C. didymus plants.