Comprehensive analytics for virus-cell and cell-cell multinucleation system.

Cell-fusion mediated generation of multinucleated syncytia represent critical feature during viral infection and in development. Efficiency of syncytia formation is usually illustrated as fusion efficiency under given condition by quantifying total number of nuclei in syncytia normalized to total number of nuclei (both within syncytia and unfused cell nuclei) in unit field of view. However heterogeneity in multinucleated syncytia sizes poses challenge in quantification of cell-fusion multinucleation under diverse conditions.

A Global Transcriptome and Co-expression Analysis Reveals Robust Host Defense Pathway Reprogramming and Identifies Key Regulators of Early Phases of Interactions.

Ascochyta blight (AB) caused by the filamentous fungus is a major threat to global chickpea production. The mechanisms underlying chickpea response to remain elusive to date. Here, we investigated the comparative transcriptional dynamics of AB-resistant and -susceptible chickpea genotypes upon infection, to understand the early host defense response.

High temperature restricts cell division and leaf size by coordination of PIF4 and TCP4 transcription factors.

High ambient temperature suppresses Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) rosette leaf area and elongates the stem and petiole. While the mechanism underlying the temperature-induced elongation response has been extensively studied, the genetic basis of temperature regulation of leaf size is largely unknown. Here, we show that warm temperature inhibits cell proliferation in Arabidopsis leaves, resulting in fewer cells compared to the control condition.