Characterizing tick diversity among caprine hosts of Kerala, India: a phylogenetic study.

Background: Ticks are prominent vectors of numerous pathogens that adversely affect human and animal health. Monitoring tick population dynamics is key in developing ideal tick-borne disease surveillance systems and critical vector control programmes. This study aimed to conduct the morphological and molecular characterization of ticks infesting domesticated goats in Kerala, India.

Effects of environmental factors on host-parasite interaction patterns in backyard-tethered goats of Kerala, India.

The environment is the most important stratum in the epidemiological triad of a parasitic disease and any variations in the environmental factors may decide the dynamic occurrence and existence of different lifecycle stages of these parasites. The present study investigated the correlations between key biometeorological and demographical parameters with the incidence of different gastrointestinal parasites and hemoparasites among goats. Four hundred and thirty-two goats were screened for parasitic infection in a yearlong survey conducted from July 2022 to June 2023 in the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy, Kerala, India.

A Machine Learning Predictive Model for Ureteroscopy Lasertripsy Outcomes in a Pediatric Population-Results from a Large Endourology Tertiary Center.

We aimed to develop machine learning (ML) algorithms for the automated prediction of postoperative ureteroscopy outcomes for pediatric kidney stones based on preoperative characteristics. Data from pediatric patients who underwent ureteroscopy for stone treatment by a single experienced surgeon, between 2010 and 2023 in Southampton General Hospital, were retrospectively collected. Fifteen ML classification algorithms were used to investigate correlations between preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes: primary stone-free status (SFS, defined as stone fragments <2 mm at the end of the procedure confirmed endoscopically and no evidence of stone fragments >2 mm at Xray kidney-ureters-bladder (XR KUB) or ultrasound kidney-ureters-bladder (US KUB) at 3 months follow-up) and complications.

Can Machine Learning Correctly Predict Outcomes of Flexible Ureteroscopy with Laser Lithotripsy for Kidney Stone Disease? Results from a Large Endourology University Centre.

Background And Objective: The integration of machine learning (ML) in health care has garnered significant attention because of its unprecedented opportunities to enhance patient care and outcomes. In this study, we trained ML algorithms for automated prediction of outcomes of ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy (URSL) on the basis of preoperative characteristics.

Methods: Data were retrieved for patients treated with ureteroscopy for urolithiasis by a single experienced surgeon over a 7-yr period.

Therapeutic management of osteodystrophia fibrosa in early weaned Malabari male goat kids.

Osteodystrophia fibrosa is a metabolic disease of goats resulting from the insufficient mineralization of bones, excessive bone resorption, and improper bone development, leading to subsequent accumulation of the fibrous connective tissue. This report describes the successful therapeutic management of acute osteodystrophia fibrosa in early-weaned goat kids by following a medical protocol. Three Malabari male goat kids of forty days old from two different litters of the same farm were presented with spontaneous, bilaterally symmetrical, non-inflammatory facial swelling, protruded tongue, prominent eyeballs, frothy drooling saliva, diarrhoea, and inanition due to the inability in mastication or suckling for the last two weeks.

Barosmin against postprandial hyperglycemia: outputs from computational prediction to functional responses in vitro.

Previously, barosmin has been demonstrated to possess anti-diabetic action. However, its effect to inhibit -amylase and -glucosidase, including glucose utilization efficacy, has yet to be revealed. Hence, the current study attempted to assess the efficiency of barosmin in inhibiting the -amylase, -glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 enzymes, including glucose uptake efficacy.

PolyEffNetV1: A CNN based colorectal polyp detection in colonoscopy images.

Presence of polyps is the root cause of colorectal cancer, hence identification of such polyps at an early stage can help in advance treatments to avoid complications to the patient. Since there are variations in the size and shape of polyps, the task of detecting them in colonoscopy images becomes challenging. Hence our work is to leverage an algorithm for segmentation and classification of the polyp of colonoscopy images using Deep learning algorithms.

Epigenetic modifications of histones during osteoblast differentiation.

In bone biology, epigenetics plays a key role in mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) commitment towards osteoblasts. It involves gene regulatory mechanisms governed by chromatin modulators. Predominant epigenetic mechanisms for efficient osteogenic differentiation include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs.

Acute and sub acute toxicity study on Sangu parpam.

Peptic ulcer is described in the siddha system of medicinal classification of 4448 diseases. Information on the use of Sangu Parpam in treating peptic ulcer is known. Therefore, it is of interest to document the acute and sub acute toxicity analysis on Sangu parpam in this regard.

A critical review on the formation, fate and degradation of the persistent organic pollutant hexachlorocyclohexane in water systems and waste streams.

The environmental impacts of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an increasingly prominent topic in the scientific community. POPs are stable chemicals that are accumulated in living beings and can act as endocrine disruptors or carcinogens on prolonged exposure. Although efforts have been taken to minimize or ban the use of certain POPs, their use is still widespread due to their importance in several industries.

Nano-adsorbents an effective candidate for removal of toxic pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous environment: A critical review on emerging trends.

Advancements in medical research has resulted in the modernization of healthcare facilities, subsequently leading to a higher level of production and usage of pharmaceuticals to sustain better quality of life. Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) possess high genotoxicity and eco-toxicity thus presenting numerous side effects to living beings on long-term exposure. The fate and toxicity of PhACs were explored in detail, aiming to elucidate their occurrence and transmission in wastewater treatment systems (WWTPs).

Anaerobic digestate water for Chlorella pyrenoidosa cultivation and employed as co-substrate with cow dung and chicken manure for methane and hydrogen production: A closed loop approach.

In rural India, unpleasant atmosphere, anthropogenic gas emission, air and soil pollution are caused due to disposal of livestock's wastes (cow dung and chicken waste) in open environment. This study provides zero emission concept for waste disposal and value addition of these wastes for renewable green energy production. In this study, biogas production was carried out with varying proportion of cow dung to chicken waste (1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 3:1 and 1:3) for duration of 40 days.

Nanosheets-incorporated bio-composites containing natural and synthetic polymers/ceramics for bone tissue engineering.

Bone is a highly integrative and dynamic tissue of the human body that is regularly modeled and remodeled by bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts. When a fraction of a bone is damaged or deformed, stem cells and bone cells under the influence of several signaling pathways regulate bone regeneration at the particular locale, but in a dilatory manner. To overcome this problem, the field of bone tissue engineering (BTE) utilizes various bio-composite scaffolds that incorporate cells and appropriate growth factors to promote osteogenesis.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of Scenedesmus obliquus using a novel catalyst derived from clam shells: Solid residue as catalyst for hydrogen production.

This study explores the catalytic application of waste clam shell in hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus) for liquid hydrocarbons production. Novel catalyst (calcium hydroxide) was derived from clam shells. Catalytic HTL was performed at varying temperature of 240-320 °C for catalyst load (0.

Narrow-band chirp and tone burst auditory brainstem response as an early indicator of synaptopathy in industrial workers exposed to occupational noise.

This study aims at characterizing and comparing the findings of auditory brainstem response (ABR) using narrow-band chirp (NB-chirp) and tone burst (TB) for both latency and amplitude parameters among those exposed to occupational noise and to determine which among the two serves as a better indicator of noise-induced cochlear neuropathy. Forty adult males in the age range of 20-35 years were considered, wherein 20 of them were exposed to noise > 80 dB (A) for 8 hours per day constituting Noise-exposed group; and Control group consisted of 20 individuals without occupational noise exposure. ABR was recorded using NB-chirp and TB for four frequencies at 80 dB nHL through Etymotic Research - 3A (ER-3A) Insert phones using Interacoustics Eclipse EP-25 in individuals with and without noise exposure.

Coexistence of tinnitus and hyperacusis in individuals with auditory dys-synchrony: A single case study.

Certain clinical pathologies affecting the ear and hearing mechanism may co-exist. It is necessary to probe in detail into such conditions so that the pathophysiology is well understood. This research paper through a single case study tries to explain the probable pathophysiology behind coexistence of three different clinical conditions namely auditory dys-synchrony, hyperacusis and tinnitus.