Flow Analysis of Central Venous Outflow Tract: A New Approach to Understanding Pulse-Synchronous Tinnitus.

Objective: Pulse-synchronous tinnitus (PST) has been linked to multiple anatomical variants of the central venous outflow tract (CVOT) including sigmoid sinus (SS) dehiscence and diverticulum. This study investigates flow turbulence, pressure, and wall shear stress along the CVOT and proposes a mechanism that results in SS dehiscence and PST.

Study Design: Case series.

Multiple Swellings Over the Scrotum: Epidermal Inclusion Cysts.

Epidermal inclusion cysts are lesions that are benign and commonly occur on the regions of the scalp, face, neck, and scrotum. It is usually a painless condition but may become painful if it gets infected. A rupture of the cyst wall can lead to an intensely painful inflammatory reaction, and it is a common presentation to a surgeon.

The Effect of Laser-Resistant Endotracheal Tube Design on Airflow Dynamics: A Benchtop and Clinical Study.

Objective: Compare ventilation pressures of 2 endotracheal tube designs used in laser airway surgery in clinical practice and with a benchtop model to elucidate differences and understand the design elements that impact airflow dynamics.

Methods: Ventilatory and aerodynamic characteristics of the laser resistant stainless-steel endotracheal tube (LRSS-ET) design and the laser resistant aluminum-wrapped silicone endotracheal tube (LRAS-ET) design were compared. Ventilatory parameters were collected for 32 patients undergoing laser-assisted airway surgery through retrospective chart review.

Oncocytic carcinoma of the thyroid: Conclusions from a 20-year patient cohort.

Background: Oncocytic carcinoma (OCA) was recently reclassified as a distinct differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Given its rarity, OCA studies are limited. This study describes the characteristics of OCA in a 20-year cohort.

Bony Facial Trauma Score Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Facial Trauma.

The bony facial trauma score (BFTS) is a rubric used to assess the severity of facial trauma. To compare the BFTS with relevant clinical outcomes while controlling for medical comorbidities and polytrauma. A retrospective review of facial trauma patients evaluated between 2017 and 2022 was conducted.

Evolving Endotracheal Tube Preferences and Practices: Intensivist Knowledge Gaps and Sex Disparities.

Objectives: The complex management of intubation-related laryngeal injury makes prevention vital. The purpose of this study is to assess endotracheal tube (ETT) practices and preferences among intensivists at our institution.

Methods: Chart review of intubated patients and intensivist survey were simultaneously performed in January 2016 and August 2022.

Unifying theory of carotid plaque disruption based on structural phenotypes and forces expressed at the lumen/wall interface.

Objectives: To integrate morphological, haemodynamic and mechanical analysis of carotid atheroma driving plaque disruption.

Materials And Methods: First, we analysed the phenotypes of carotid endarterectomy specimens in a photographic dataset A, and matched them with the likelihood of preoperative stroke. Second, laser angioscopy was used to further define the phenotypes in intact specimens (dataset B) and benchmark with histology.

Failure modes and effects analysis of mechanical thrombectomy for stroke discovered in human brains.

Objective: Despite advancement of thrombectomy technologies for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and increased user experience, complete recanalization rates linger around 50%, and one-third of patients who have undergone successful recanalization still experience poor neurological outcomes. To enhance the understanding of the biomechanics and failure modes, the authors conducted an experimental analysis of the interaction of emboli/artery/devices in the first human brain test platform for LVO stroke described to date.

Methods: In 12 fresh human brains, 105 LVOs were recreated by embolizing engineered emboli analogs and recanalization was attempted using aspiration catheters and/or stent retrievers.

A human brain test bed for research in large vessel occlusion stroke.

Objective: Endovascular removal of emboli causing large vessel occlusion (LVO)-related stroke utilizing suction catheter and/or stent retriever technologies or thrombectomy is a new standard of care. Despite high recanalization rates, 40% of stroke patients still experience poor neurological outcomes as many cases cannot be fully reopened after the first attempt. The development of new endovascular technologies and techniques for mechanical thrombectomy requires more sophisticated testing platforms that overcome the limitations of phantom-based simulators.

Standardized Fabrication Method of Human-Derived Emboli with Histologic and Mechanical Quantification for Stroke Research.

Background: As access to patient emboli is limited, embolus analogs (EAs) have become critical to the research of large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and the development of thrombectomy technology. To date, techniques for fabricating standardized human blood-derived EAs are limited in the variety of compositions, and the mechanical properties relevant to thrombectomy are not quantified.

Methods: EAs were made by mixing human banked red blood cells (RBCs), plasma, and platelet concentrate in 10 different volumetric percentage combinations to mimic the broad range of patient emboli causing LVO strokes.

Comparative evaluation of 2% turmeric extract with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial.

Context: Nanoparticles, owing to their smaller size, penetrate regions inaccessible to other delivery systems, such as periodontal pockets. Thus, the present study aimed to comparatively evaluate efficacy of 2% curcumin with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as a local drug delivery (LDD) in the treatment of periodontal pockets.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five chronic periodontitis patients with pocket depth 5-7 mm in two or more teeth were selected.

Construction of a comprehensive endovascular test bed for research and device development in mechanical thrombectomy in stroke.

Objective: The development of new endovascular technologies and techniques for mechanical thrombectomy in stroke has greatly relied on benchtop simulators. This paper presents an affordable, versatile, and realistic benchtop simulation model for stroke.

Methods: A test bed for embolic occlusion of cerebrovascular arteries and mechanical thrombectomy was developed with 3D-printed and commercially available cerebrovascular phantoms, a customized hydraulic system to generate physiological flow rate and pressure, and 2 types of embolus analogs (elastic and fragment-prone) capable of causing embolic occlusions under physiological flow.

Analysis of human emboli and thrombectomy forces in large-vessel occlusion stroke.

Objective: This study's purpose was to improve understanding of the forces driving the complex mechanical interaction between embolic material and current stroke thrombectomy devices by analyzing the histological composition and strength of emboli retrieved from patients and by evaluating the mechanical forces necessary for retrieval of such emboli in a middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation model.

Methods: Embolus analogs (EAs) were generated and embolized under physiological pressure and flow conditions in a glass tube model of the MCA. The forces involved in EA removal using conventional endovascular techniques were described, analyzed, and categorized.

A Rare Case of Digoxin Associated Gingival Overgrowth.

This case report presents a case of drug induced gingival overgrowth in a 28-year-old female patient with history of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and was prescribed digoxin in combination with furosemide and acitrom for the same. On clinical examination, the patient presented with severe gingival overgrowth. The volume of enlargement seen did not correlate solely with the diagnosis of inflammatory Gingival Enlargement (GE), hence an added drug induced component to the Gingival Overgrowth (GO) was suspected.