Two-Dimensional Materials/Biopolymer-Based Antimicrobial Coatings to Thwart Biofilm Formation on Medical Implants.

Infections associated with medical implants due to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation are a serious problem, leading to acute health risks to patients by compromising their immune system. Therefore, suppressing biofilm formation on biomedical implants is a challenging task, especially for overcoming the drug resistance of bacterial biofilms. Herein, a synergistic efficient surface coating method was developed to inhibit biofilm formation on a model medical implant by combining the antimicrobial property of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with either 2D material graphene oxide (GO) or black phosphorus (BP) sheets using layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly.