J Sci Food Agric
February 2024
Background: The current techniques for determining carbon and nitrogen content to provide information about the nutritional status of plants are time-consuming and expensive. For this reason, the objective of this study was to develop an analytical method for the direct and simultaneous determination of nitrogen and carbon elemental content in soybean leaves using near-infrared spectroscopy and compare the performance of conventional (1100-2500 nm spectral range) and portable equipment (1100-1700 nm spectral range). Partial least-squares regression models were developed using 27 soybean leaf samples collected during the 2021 harvest and applied for the simultaneous determination of carbon and nitrogen in 13 samples collected during the 2022 harvest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParallel data analysis was investigated to improve performance in variable selection and to develop predictive models for beer quality control. A set of spectral near infrared (NIR) data from 60 beer samples and its primitive extracts as the original concentration was used. The dataset was distributed to Raspberry Pi 3 Model B devices connected to a network that was running a Machine Learning service.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, the in-tip thermal infrared enthalpimetry (in-tip TIE) method is proposed for fast enthalpimetric analysis. In this method, the reactions inside the tips of a multichannel pipette were combined with temperature monitoring by an infrared camera. The filter paper was used inside the tips to retain reagents as solutions (wetted paper mode) or as solids (dried paper mode) to perform neutralization, redox, or precipitation reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA simple, rapid, low-cost method was proposed for the imaging of biofilms on metallic surfaces using an infrared camera. Stainless steel coupons were cooled to generate a thermal gradient in relation to biofilm for active thermography (AT). Both cooling and image acquisition times were optimized and the images obtained with AT were compared with those from scanning electron microscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work developed a new technique and an application of an existing approach to determine sodium in food sauces, involving enthalpimetric reactions in the infrared. Infrared Thermometric Titration (TT-IR) was utilized, with simple analyzers and low-cost measurement instruments for the acquisition of the surface temperature generated in the sodium precipitation reaction and development of software for the acquisition and processing of data using Raspberry Pi. The sodium was also quantified by Thermal Infrared Enthalpimetry (TIE), a recently developed technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, a simple and inexpensive flow thermal infrared enthalpimetry (TIE-F) method was developed through a combination of flow injection analysis and thermal infrared enthalpimetry (TIE) to determine the alcohol content of distilled beverages (cachaça, cognac, and vodka). The principle used in this method consisted of monitoring the enthalpy of dissolution of ethanol through a low-cost infrared sensor coupled to a flow system. The results showed an agreement between the proposed method and the conventional method, ranging from 96.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis research aimed at developing the Trophic Water Quality Index (TWQI) for subtropical temperate Brazilian lotic systems based on a review of the indicative values of diatom species obtained using multivariate analysis techniques and considering the environmental gradient defined by a series of measured physical, chemical, and microbiological variables. Sampling was conducted from 2005 to 2009 in the Pardo River Hydrographic Basin, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, and in the Andreas Stream Hydrographic Basin, RS, from 2012 to 2013. A total of 140 biological samples and 211 abiotic samples were collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anal Methods Chem
April 2015
A method for determination of propranolol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparation using near infrared spectrometry with fiber optic probe (FTNIR/PROBE) and combined with chemometric methods was developed. Calibration models were developed using two variable selection models: interval partial least squares (iPLS) and synergy interval partial least squares (siPLS). The treatments based on the mean centered data and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) were selected for models construction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe main objective of this study was to use infrared spectroscopy to identify vegetable oils used as raw material for biodiesel production and apply multivariate analysis to the data. Six different vegetable oil sources--canola, cotton, corn, palm, sunflower and soybeans--were used to produce biodiesel batches. The spectra were acquired by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using a universal attenuated total reflectance sensor (FTIR-UATR).
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