Heat transfer analysis of peristaltic flow of a Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid model due to metachronal wave of cilia.

In the present investigation, we have studied the effects of heat transfer on the peristaltic flow considering the Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid model. The fluid is flowing in a uniform circular tube in the form of wave motion. The inner walls of the tube are considered to be ciliated with small hair-like structures.

Immunohistochemical assessment of Survivin and Bcl3 expression as potential biomarkers for NF-κB activation in the Barrett metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence.

Non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus (NDBE) occurs as a consequence of an inflammatory response triggered through prolonged gastro-oesophageal reflux and it may precede the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. NF-κB activation as a result of the inflammatory response has been shown in NDBE, but the possible mechanism involved in the process is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess, using immunohistochemistry, Survivin and Bcl3 expression as potential biomarkers for NF-κB activation along the oesophageal metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence.

Biomechanically driven unsteady non-uniform flow of Copper water and Silver water nanofluids through finite length channel.

Background And Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the unsteady flow of two types of nanofluids i.e Copper water nanofluids and Silver water nanofluids) through finite length non-uniform channel driven by peristaltic sinusoidal wave propagations.

Methods: The governing equations are reduced in linear form using dimensional analysis and considering the low Reynolds number and large wavelength approximations.

Upregulation of mucin glycoprotein MUC1 in the progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma and therapeutic potential with a targeted photoactive antibody-drug conjugate.

Background: Mucin glycoprotein 1 (MUC1) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein on epithelial cells. We investigate MUC1 as a therapeutic target in Barrett's epithelium (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and provide proof of concept for a light based therapy targeting MUC1.

Results: MUC1 was present in 21% and 30% of significantly enriched pathways comparing BE and EA to squamous epithelium respectively.

Bio mathematical venture for the metallic nanoparticles due to ciliary motion.

Background And Objectives: The present investigation is associated with the contemporary study of viscous flow in a vertical tube with ciliary motion.

Methods/results/conclusions: The main flow problem has been modeled using cylindrical coordinates; flow equations are simplified to ordinary differential equations using longwave length and low Reynold's number approximation; and exact solutions have been obtained for velocity, pressure gradient and temperature. Results acquired are discussed graphically for better understanding.

Development of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) for Clostridium difficile.

Background: Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudo membranous colitis in the developed world. The aim of this study was to explore whether Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) could be used as a novel approach to treating C. difficile infections.

Maternal obesity programs offspring nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by innate immune dysfunction in mice.

Unlabelled: The global prevalence of obesity-induced liver disease (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NAFLD) is rising. Suggested causes include a role for in utero influences of maternal obesity compounded by the availability of energy-dense foods throughout postnatal life. Using a physiologically relevant model, we investigated the role of the innate immune system in liver injury induced by maternal obesity followed by a postnatal obesogenic diet.

High resolution colonoscopy in a bowel cancer screening program improves polyp detection.

Aim: To compare high resolution colonoscopy (Olympus Lucera) with a megapixel high resolution system (Pentax HiLine) as an in-service evaluation.

Methods: Polyp detection rates and measures of performance were collected for 269 colonoscopy procedures. Five colonoscopists conducted the study over a three month period, as part of the United Kingdom bowel cancer screening program.

Obstetric admissions to the intensive care unit.

Objective: To describe clinical characteristics, interventions required, and outcome of critically ill obstetric patients admitted to a general intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: All obstetric patients admitted to ICU at Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 1997 to 2002 were included in the study. The data related to demographics, obstetric history, pre-existing medical problems, indications for ICU admission, intervention required, length of stay, and outcome of ICU admission were collected by retrospective review of medical records.