Longitudinal analysis of invariant natural killer T cell activation reveals a cMAF-associated transcriptional state of NKT10 cells.

Innate T cells, including CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, are characterized by their rapid activation in response to non-peptide antigens, such as lipids. While the transcriptional profiles of naive, effector, and memory adaptive T cells have been well studied, less is known about the transcriptional regulation of different iNKT cell activation states. Here, using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we performed longitudinal profiling of activated murine iNKT cells, generating a transcriptomic atlas of iNKT cell activation states.

Selected Patients with Unresectable Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) Derive Long-Term Benefit from Liver Transplantation.

Selected patients with unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) derive long-term benefits from liver transplantation. Between 1993-2019, our group at Mayo Clinic performed 237 transplants for pCCA. With this experience, we note that two distinct patient populations comprise this group of pCCA patients: those with underlying primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and those without identifiable risk factors termed sporadic or de novo pCCA.

Targeted Apoptosis of Ductular Reactive Cells Reduces Hepatic Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Cholestasis.

Background And Aims: In cholestatic liver diseases, ductular reactive (DR) cells extend into the hepatic parenchyma and promote inflammation and fibrosis. We have previously observed that multidrug-resistant 2 (Mdr2 ) double knockout (DKO) mice lacking tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (Tr ) display a more extensive ductular reaction and hepatic fibrosis compared to Mdr2 mice. This observation suggests that the magnitude of the DR-cell population may be regulated by apoptosis.