Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: Diagnosis and Management.

Secondary mitral regurgitation is one of the most common valve diseases. The disease is a result of left atrial or left ventricular dysfunction. It is generally classified into stages based on its severity.

Coronary Artery Obstruction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Past, Present, and Future.

Coronary obstruction (CO) is a rare but critical complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This comprehensive review elucidates the evolving landscape of CO risk assessment and management strategies in the contemporary era of transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Very Late Sinus of Valsalva Sequestration After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Native Aortic Annuli.

Coronary artery obstruction caused by sinus sequestration is well described after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in failed bioprosthetic valves, which usually occurs during or shortly after the transcatheter aortic valve implantation procedure. We report the presentation, management, and outcomes of 2 cases of very late sinus sequestration in native aortic annuli, which has not been described before to our knowledge. ().

Percutaneous Management of Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Dehiscence with Combined Valve-in-Valve Replacement and Paravalvular Leak Closure.

This case report describes a patient with bioprosthetic mitral valve dehiscence that resulted in severe paravalvular regurgitation and cardiogenic shock. Due to prohibitive surgical risk, valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral valve replacement was attempted but did not reduce the severity of the prosthetic paravalvular leak (PVL) severity. Subsequent percutaneous PVL closure with a ventricular septal defect occluder successfully reduced the PVL severity and led to significant clinical improvement.

Complications and Management of Eptifibatide-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

Background: Eptifibatide is used in acute coronary syndromes to reversibly block platelet aggregation by inhibiting the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor. A serious adverse effect of eptifibatide is a profound drop in platelet count, termed eptifibatide-induced thrombocytopenia (EIT).

Objective: To provide insight into the types of complications and management of EIT.

The relationship between endothelial function and aortic valve calcification: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background And Aims: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) may be associated with atherogenic processes arising from endothelial dysfunction (ED). Limited data is available about the relationship between ED, defined by flow mediated dilation (FMD%) and biomarkers, and the prevalence and progression of AVC in a multiethnic population.

Methods: A sample of 3475 individuals from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), with both initial and repeat CT scans at a mean of 2.

The Correlation of Dyslipidemia with the Extent of Coronary Artery Disease in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: The extent of coronary artery calcium (CAC) improves cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction. The association between common dyslipidemias (combined hyperlipidemia, simple hypercholesterolemia, metabolic Syndrome (MetS), isolated low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and isolated hypertriglyceridemia) compared with normolipidemia and the risk of multivessel CAC is underinvestigated.

Objectives: To determine whether there is an association between common dyslipidemias compared with normolipidemia, and the extent of coronary artery involvement among MESA participants who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline.