Evaluation of microalbuminuria in type-2 diabetes mellitus under oral hypoglycemic agents: Association with age, sex, BMI, and renal clearance.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing drastically and affecting the individuals globally, especially in the low- and middle-income countries like India. The poor glycaemic control results in micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications, leading to dysfunction of multiple organs. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the risk factors and microalbuminuria levels among patients with type 2 DM on oral hypoglycaemic agents.

Azithromycin-Induced Generalized Nonbullous Fixed-Drug Eruption.

Azithromycin-induced severe cutaneous reactions occur rare. We report a case of azithromycin-induced generalized nonbullous form of fixed-drug eruption (FDE). A 19-year-old male consulted the dermatology department for multiple painful oval-shaped, sharply defined, and hyperpigmented patches on his chest, abdomen, and upper limbs after consuming oral azithromycin tablets for his sore throat.

Monoclonal Antibodies Against Infectious Microbes: !

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as alternatives or more often as complementary to the conventional antimicrobials have been developed for the management of infectious conditions for the past two decades. These pharmacotherapeutic strategies are inevitable as the burden of antimicrobial resistance is far-reaching in recent times. MAbs are part of the targeted pharmacotherapy armamentarium with a high degree of specificity - hence, exert comparatively superior efficacy and tolerability than the conventional polyclonal antisera.

Cetirizine-Induced Fixed Drug Eruption.

Cetirizine, a piperazine-derivative second-generation antihistaminic, is used for a wide variety of disorders such as urticaria, eczema, and allergies. Adverse reactions due to this drug are usually rare, especially fixed drug eruption (FDE), a delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, is scarce. Here, we report a case of cetirizine-induced FDE.

Carbamazepine-induced angioedema.

Angioedema is a rare adverse reaction of carbamazepine, which causes localized tissue edema in submucosal and subcutaneous tissue mediated by histamine, serotonin, and kinins (bradykinin). We report a case of 34-year-old female who developed angioedema, 24 h after administration of carbamazepine for treating bipolar disorder. Patient's symptoms responded rapidly with antihistamine therapy and with the withdrawal of carbamazepine, the offending drug.

Effect of antiepileptic drug therapy on thyroid hormones among adult epileptic patients: An analytical cross-sectional study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the effect of conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on thyroid hormone levels in adult epileptic patients.

Methods: A hospital-based, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult epileptic patients receiving conventional AEDs (Group 2) or newer AEDs (Group 3) for more than 6 months. Serum thyroid hormone levels including free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed and the hormonal status was compared with healthy control subjects (Group 1).

Neuroprotective Effect of Lercanidipine- A Novel Calcium Channel Blocker in Albino Mice.

Background: The available conventional antiepileptics do not afford cure or prophylactic treatment and henceforth there is always a quest to explore new targets for management of convulsions. In this perspective, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers have been investigated in various animal models of epilepsy. Lercanidipine, a newer dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, is a potential candidate with its favourable lipid profile and longer duration of action.

Midazolam premedication for Ketamine-induced emergence phenomenon: A prospective observational study.

Objective: Ketamine administration is known to induce hemodynamic pressor response and psychomimetic effects which could be attenuated by appropriate premedication. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of midazolam on hemodynamic stability and postoperative emergence phenomenon following ketamine anesthesia.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study including 30 adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical grades I and II scheduled for elective short surgeries under ketamine anesthesia.

Fixed drug eruptions caused by cross-reactive quinolones.

Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) are the common dermatological adverse drug reaction accounts for 16-21% of all cutaneous drug reactions in India. Drugs most frequently implicated in FDE are antimicrobials, anticonvulsants, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Here, we report a rare case of bullous FDE due to ciprofloxacin followed by ofloxacin administration.

Doxycycline induced generalized bullous fixed drug eruption - A case report.

Adverse drug reactions are a major hazard of modern medicine. Fixed drug eruption, which is a cutaneous adverse drug reaction, is commonly seen with antimicrobials and analgesics. Here we report 37-year-old female with bullous fixed drug eruptions due to doxycycline administration.