Citric acid crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel films for delivery of poorly soluble drugs.

In present work, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) - polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel films were prepared using citric acid as a non-toxic crosslinking agent, for the controlled delivery of model hydrophobic drug (ketoconazole). The carboxyl content of the hydrogel films were determined by acid-base titration. The films were characterized by solid state C NMR, ATR-FTIR, TGA and DSC, and evaluated for swelling behavior, drug loading, drug release, hemocompatibility, in vitro cytotoxicity and implantation test.

Citric acid crosslinked β-cyclodextrin/carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel films for controlled delivery of poorly soluble drugs.

Citric acid crosslinked β-cyclodextrin-carboxymethylcellulose (βCD-CMC) hydrogel films were prepared by esterification-crosslinking method for the controlled release of ketoconazole (model drug). The hydrogel films were evaluated for active βCD content, carboxyl content, swelling ratio, drug loading and release, and hemolytic activity. The structural characterization was carried out using solid state C NMR, ATR-FTIR, TGA and DSC analysis.

Citric acid crosslinked cyclodextrin/hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel films for hydrophobic drug delivery.

The present communication deals with preparation of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) grafted hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) hydrogel films using citric acid as crosslinking agent with the aim of improving the loading and achieving controlled release of hydrophobic weak base (ketoconazole). The hydrogel films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state C-nuclear magnetic resonance (C NMR) spectroscopy, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The films were evaluated for βCD content, carboxyl content, swelling ratio, drug loading, drug release and hemolytic assay.

Loss of orally administered drugs in GI tract.

The aim of this review is to provide a broad perspective on intestinal absorption and the impact of intestinal first-pass metabolism on both clearance and drug-drug interaction prediction along with its historical perspectives. The review also considers abilities to bridge the gap between the increasing amount of intestinal in vitro data and the importance of intestinal first-pass metabolism in vivo. The significance of efflux transporters on the intestinal absorption is also discussed.