Publications by authors named "Adhemar Longatto-Filho"

Article Synopsis
  • * It identifies key challenges related to identifying morphological changes in lesions and evaluates current QC and QA practices globally, highlighting their benefits and limitations.
  • * The study concludes that innovative image-based technologies hold potential to enhance cytological evaluations, decrease interpretation errors, and improve teaching methods in cytology.
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Unlabelled: Cervical cancer, whose well-recognized etiological agent is the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), is responsible for approximately 300,000 deaths worldwide, 80% of cases occurring in developing countries. In Brazil, 17,010 cases were expected, with 2,550 cases in São Paulo State, in 2023. The Papanicolaou test is the diagnostic method for the detection of precancerous lesions of the cervix, and HPV vaccination is now available for prevention.

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  • Breast cancer is categorized into different subtypes based on hormone receptor status and HER2 expression, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacking targeted therapies, highlighting the need for new biomarkers like SOD2.
  • The study analyzed SOD2 staining in 80 breast cancer samples and utilized databases to evaluate its transcriptional patterns across various tumor subtypes.
  • Results indicated that higher SOD2 expression is associated with negative prognostic factors, including specific hormone receptors and tumor characteristics, suggesting SOD2 as a promising therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancer types.
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  • Cervical cancer poses significant health risks, particularly in low-income areas like Brazil, where barriers prevent many women from getting Pap tests.
  • A study was conducted with 164 women to assess the acceptance and completion rates of various cervical cancer screening methods, including hospital and mobile unit Pap tests, and self-collection methods.
  • Results showed high acceptance (92%) for these methods, with preferences leaning towards hospital tests and indicating that more accessible screening options could enhance participation rates in preventative care.
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  • RKIP is a tumor suppressor gene whose reduced expression is linked to worse outcomes in different solid tumors, particularly by affecting cellular signaling pathways like MAPK.
  • An analysis of 30 studies showed that in most solid tumors, higher EGFR levels were correlated with lower RKIP levels, especially notable in cervical cancer.
  • Experiments confirmed that reducing RKIP leads to increased EGFR activity, while overactive EGFR decreases RKIP expression, highlighting a significant relationship that could impact cancer prognosis in patients.
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Background: Inflammation is a key element in the initiation and progression of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Understanding the impact of inflammatory molecules, as cytokines in PAD could help us to improve the prognosis of these patients. The main goal of this study was to compare the serum level of cytokines between patients with claudication to those with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

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The main goal of this study was to assess whether the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) correlates with increased inflammatory cell infiltration. An observational, single-centre, and prospective study was conducted from January 2018 to July 2022. Clinical characteristics and anthropometric measures were registered.

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and the limited therapeutic options show poor efficacy in patients, associated to severe side effects and development of resistance. Considering that chromene-based scaffolds proved to be attractive candidates for cancer therapy, herein we prepared new chromeno[2,3-]pyrimidinone derivatives by a simple two step procedure, starting from the reaction of cyanoacetamide and a salicylaldehyde. A cell viability screening in several breast cancer cell lines allowed to identify two promising compounds with IC values in the low micromolar range for TNBC cells.

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Advanced urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) patients are tagged by a dismal prognosis and high mortality rates, mostly due to their poor response to standard-of-care platinum-based therapy. Mediators of chemoresistance are not fully elucidated. This work aimed to study the metabolic profile of advanced UBC, in the context of cisplatin resistance.

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Background: Peripheral artery disease is characterized by an intense inflammatory process that can be associated with a higher mortality rate, particularly in chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). This study aims to compare the evolution of inflammatory markers between patients with claudication with those with CLTI at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Methods And Results: An observational, single-center, and prospective study was conducted.

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Pelvic exenteration represents a radical procedure aimed at achieving complete tumor resection with negative margins. Although it is the only therapeutic option for some cases of advanced tumors, it is associated with several perioperative complications. We believe that careful patient selection is related to better oncologic outcomes and lower complication rates.

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  • Vulnerable carotid plaques contribute to 20% of ischemic strokes, making it crucial to identify asymptomatic plaques that may lead to these events.
  • A study involving 177 patients examined the relationship between peri-carotid adipose tissue (measured via extra-media thickness or EMT) and atherosclerotic features at the carotid bifurcation, focusing on various ultrasound measurements.
  • Results indicated that higher EMT values were correlated with an increased presence of carotid plaques and severe stenosis, particularly in patients with acute carotid stenosis, suggesting a potential link between EMT and vascular risk factors.
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Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by persistent infection of human papillomavirus of high oncogenic risk (hr-HPV); however, several cofactors are important in its carcinogenesis, such as smoking, multiparity, and prolonged use of oral hormonal contraceptives (COCs). Worldwide, 16% of women use COCs, whereas in Brazil this rate is of ∼ 30%. The safety and adverse effects of COCs are widely discussed in the literature, including the increase in carcinogenic risk.

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The Warburg Effect is characterized by high rates of glucose uptake and lactate production. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are crucial to avoid cellular acidosis by internal lactate accumulation, being largely overexpressed by cancer cells and associated with cancer aggressiveness. The MCT1-specific inhibitor AZD3965 has shown encouraging results in different cancer models.

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Background: Patch repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using Gore-Tex is associated with infection, adhesions, hernia recurrence, long-term musculoskeletal sequels and poor tissue regeneration. To overcome these limitations, the performance of two novel biodegradable membranes was tested to repair CDH in a growing pig model.

Methods: Twelve male pigs were randomly assigned to 3 different groups of 4 animals each, determined by the type of patch used during thoracoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair (Gore-Tex, polycaprolactone electrospun membrane-PCLem, and decellularized human chorion membrane-dHCM).

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  • EGFL7 is a significant gene linked to angiogenesis and cancer growth, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC), prompting research into its role and potential as a therapeutic target.
  • A study involving 463 CRC patients assessed EGFL7 expression through immunohistochemistry and found that 77.7% had low EGFL7 levels, correlating with increased lymph node spread and vessel invasion but no direct impact on overall survival.
  • In silico analysis identified associations between low EGFL7 expression and higher levels of VEGFR2, along with involvement in critical pathways like VEGF, Rap-1, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt, suggesting that EGFL7 could influence tumor invasiveness and recurrence risk.
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Background: The loss of skeletal muscle is a prognostic factor in several diseases including in patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). Patients with CLTI also have a lower skeletal mass and area when compared to those with claudication. However, there are no currently available data regarding the histological characteristics of core muscles in patients with CLTI.

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Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogenous disease not sensitive to endocrine or HER2 therapy and standardized treatment regimens are still missing. Therefore, development of novel TNBC treatment approaches is of utmost relevance. Herein, the potential of MAPK/ERK downregulation by RNAi-based therapeutics in a panel of mesenchymal stem-like TNBC cell lines was uncovered.

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The efficacy of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is poorly understood. In this study we evaluated the effects of sorafenib based on the expression of molecular markers related to major hepatocarcinogenesis pathways and angiogenesis in a NASH-related HCC model. Forty male rats were submitted to NASH-HCC induction through the combination of a high-fat and choline deficient diet and diethylnitrosamine (100 mg/L) administration in the drinking water for 13 and 16 weeks.

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Introduction: Xingu Indigenous Park (XIP) currently protects 16 ethnic Indigenous groups and is located in the central area of Brazil. XIP is the first and the largest Indigenous land to be recognized in the country. Community access is limited and restricted for the non-Indigenous population, and the Indigenous women are constantly dealing with shortages of medical care.

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The prevalence of obesity has doubled, with a concomitant increase in cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of visceral, subcutaneous and peri-aortic adipose tissue determined with computed tomography (CT) scans and to correlate them with cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric measures and medication. An observational and prospective study was conducted, and 177 subjects were included.

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To obtain a history of occupational exposure in the workplace, the questionnaire is one of the main sources of information. The aim of this study was to develop an online questionnaire using the REDCap data management platform based on the Work-Related Cancer Surveillance Guidelines, reported by the Brazilian National Cancer Institute. Several issues were taken into consideration for its routine application.

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Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics are fundamental for treating DFI, although bacterial biofilm formation and associated pathophysiology can reduce their effectiveness. Additionally, antibiotics are often associated with adverse reactions.

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Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are associated with an increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC has an aggressive profile and is the most prevalent among different head and neck malignancies. Most OSCC patients are diagnosed with advanced stage tumors and have a poor prognosis.

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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common type of cancer characterized by fast progression and high mortality rates, which generally implies a poor prognosis at time of diagnosis. Intricate interaction networks of cytokines produced by resident and inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment play crucial roles in ESCC development and metastasis, thus influencing therapy efficiency. As such, cytokines are the most prominent targets for specific therapies and prognostic parameters to predict tumor progression and aggressiveness.

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