Investigating the Immunomodulatory Effects of Antigenic PLGA Nanoparticles and Nutritional Synergy in .

This study explores the significance of antigenic nanoformulation in immunomodulation and in the interplay between immune response and nutrition. The work involves the development of a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) biopolymer-based nanoparticle with immunogenic inclusions derived from cell wall and membrane (CWM) through a double emulsion method followed by their physio-chemical characterization and in vivo assessment in (). The prepared nanoparticles were monodispersed in nature and exhibited a diameter of ~ 25 nm with stable colloidal nature and a zeta potential of - 25 ± 2 mV.

Demonstrating the immunostimulatory and cytokine-augmentation effects of bacterial ghosts on natural killer cells and Caenorhabditis Elegans.

The potential of bacteria-based immunotherapy lies in its ability to inherently enhance immune responses. However, the "liveness" of bacteria poses risks of bacterial escape, nonspecific immuno-stimulation, and ethical concerns, limiting their acceptability in immunotherapy. In this scenario, nonliving empty bacterial-cell envelopes, named bacterial ghosts (BGs), have emerged as immuno-stimulants with the potential to side-step the limitations of live bacterial therapies.