Artificial Intelligence Techniques and Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Methyl Ester Sulfonate Synthesis from Used Cooking Oil by Sulfonation.

Herein, the impacts of sulfonation temperature (100-120 °C), sulfonation time (3-5 h), and NaHSO/methyl ester (ME) molar ratio (1:1-1.5:1 mol/mol) on methyl ester sulfonate (MES) yield were studied. For the first time, MES synthesis via the sulfonation process was modeled using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), artificial neural network (ANN), and response surface methodology (RSM).

Kinetic and thermodynamic study on the esterification of oleic acid over SOH-functionalized eucalyptus tree bark biochar catalyst.

Herein, esterification of oleic acid (OA) over tosylic acid functionalized eucalyptus bark biochar (TsOH-MBC) to synthesize fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was investigated. The TsOH-MBC catalyst was prepared via pyrolysis-activation-sulfonation process at various impregnation ratios and was characterized by SEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, BET, TGA and acid site density techniques. The catalytic performance of the sulfonated biochar catalyst was described in terms of acidity and FAME yield.

Sulfonated biochar catalyst derived from eucalyptus tree shed bark: synthesis, characterization and its evaluation in oleic acid esterification.

Herein, fatty acid (oleic acid, OA) was upgraded to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) esterification reaction using sulfonated biochar obtained from eucalyptus tree shed bark as solid acid catalyst. Under the optimal esterification conditions (, at 65 °C for 2 h using a methanol/OA molar ratio of 10 : 1 with a catalyst dosage of 4 wt%), the FAME yield was 97.05 ± 0.

Application of Polymers for Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review.

Polymers play a significant role in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to their viscoelastic properties and macromolecular structure. Herein, the mechanisms of the application of polymeric materials for enhanced oil recovery are elucidated. Subsequently, the polymer types used for EOR, namely synthetic polymers and natural polymers (biopolymers), and their properties are discussed.

Pumice-supported ZnO-photocatalyzed degradation of organic pollutant in textile effluent: optimization by response surface methodology, artificial neural network, and adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system.

A heterogeneous photocatalysis was adopted to treat textile industry effluent using a combination of pumice-supported ZnO (PUM-ZnO) photocatalyst and solar irradiation. The visible light-responsive PUM-ZnO photocatalyst was prepared via the impregnation method and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The photocatalytic degradation process was modeled via response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural network (ANN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), while the optimization of the three independent parameters significant to the photocatalytic process was carried out by a genetic algorithm (GA) and RSM methods.

Magnetite-sporopollenin/graphene oxide as new preconcentration adsorbent for removal of polar organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables.

In this study, a new magnetic adsorbent based on magnetite-sporopollenin/graphene oxide (FeO-SP/GO) was successfully developed. The adsorbent was applied for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of three selected polar organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), namely, dimethoate, phenthoate, and phosphamidon, prior to gas chromatography analysis with electron capture detection (GC-μECD). The FeO-SP/GO adsorbent combines the advantages of superior adsorption capability of the modified sporopollenin (SP) with graphene oxide (GO) and magnetite (FeO) for easy isolation from sample solution.

Synthesis and characterization of anthill-eggshell composite adsorbent for removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution.

In this study, adsorption behavior of anthill-eggshell composite (AEC) for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr) from aqueous solution was investigated. The raw AEC sample was thermally treated at 864 °C for 4 h and characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The effects of adsorption process variables including initial Cr concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on the Cr removal efficiency were investigated using central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM).