Determinants of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in southwestern Nigeria.

Introduction: hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and a common cause of liver disease globally. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HBV after the age of viability.

Methods: the study was a cross-sectional study that involved 543 eligible consenting pregnant women and newborns of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers.

Dataset on rbcL-based intra-specific diversity and population structure of (Jacq.) in Nigeria.

African locust bean () is a multipurpose leguminous tree species of nutritional and pharmacological value. The plant is widely distributed in Africa and across Nigeria's major agroecological areas (AEAs). Amidst declining cultivation and production, is genetically threatened in its natural habitats due to overexploitation, deforestation, wildfires and lack of improved tree management practices.

Particulate Matter (PM) Characterization, Air Quality Level and Origin of Air Masses in an Urban Background in Pretoria.

Several sources have been identified as contributing to the concentration of ambient fine particulate matter, which has been associated to a variety of health issues. The chemical characteristics and sources of trace elements in PM, as well as the air quality index, were investigated in this study. Twenty four-hour fine aerosol particles were collected in an urban area in Pretoria, South Africa, from April 2017 to April 2018.

Source apportionment of fine atmospheric particles using positive matrix factorization in Pretoria, South Africa.

In Pretoria South Africa, we looked into the origins of fine particulate matter (PM), based on 1-year sampling campaign carried out between April 18, 2017, and April 17, 2018. The average PM concentration was 21.1 ± 15.

Clonal diversity and spatial dissemination of multi-antibiotics resistant Staphylococcus aureus pathotypes in Southwest Nigeria.

Spread of genetically diverse Staphylococcus aureus characterized with multi-antibiotic resistance and regulated by high level agr functionalities in several communities in southwest Nigeria was investigated and evaluated for infection control. Staphylococcus aureus pathotypes recovered from 256 cases including purulent pus from skin infections, soft tissue aspirates, wounds, otorrhea, eye, throat and endocervical infections were assayed for biofilm and antibiogram. Further genotyped with micro-array, mapped for geospatial distribution and evaluated for clonal diversity and functional accessory gene regulators (agr).

Geospatial Investigation of Nigerian Honey and Detection of Anti-Enteric Biomarker.

Geospatial mapping and antibacterial biomarkers were investigated in Nigerian honey used for therapeutic purposes in several communities affected with prevalent antibiotic-resistant enteric bacilli. Randomly collected enteric bacilli from faecal samples were biotyped and phenotypically assayed for antibiotic resistance and profiled for R plasmids. R plasmid molecular weight and multiantibiotic resistance index (MARI) relatedness were evaluated for resistance among phylogroups.

Contraception usage among young adult men of a Nigerian university.

Background Family planning services recognize reproductive health as the joint responsibility of both men and women. Efforts need to be shifted to men's own sexual health in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for reduction of maternal mortality and HIV transmission. Aims To determine the methods of contraception used by young adult men and factors that influence their choice of contraceptive.

Contraceptive prevalence and determinants among women of reproductive age group in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Background: The fertility rate in Nigeria is 5.7 children per woman. The contraceptive prevalence rate has been found to be low at 15% in 2013, compared to other countries such as the US and Pakistan.

The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Changes in Symptoms of Self Reported Asthma, Rhinitis and Eczema Among Pregnant Women in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Background: Allergic disorders have become a major public health concern worldwide. No Nigerian study has examined the epidemiology of allergic diseases among women.

Aim: To document the prevalence, risk factors and the changes in the symptoms of allergic disorders during pregnancy.

Predictors of vaginal delivery in nulliparous mothers.

Background: Nulliparity is an obstetric high-risk group whose labor, compared with multiparae, are more likely to develop labor abnormalities that requires intervention. The aim of this report is todetermine factors that influence vaginal delivery in nulliparae.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done on 286 eligible booked nulliparae in labor, to determine factors associated with vaginal delivery.

Successful pregnancy in one horn of a bicornuate uterus.

Normal development of the female reproductive tract involves a series of complex processes characterized by the differentiation, migration, fusion, and subsequent canalization of the Müllerian system. Uterine anomalies result when these processes are interrupted. Bicornuate uterus is a unification defect of the Müllerian ducts, and it is estimated to represent 10-39% of Müllerian duct anomalies.

Polydactyly 24 in a female neonate.

Polydactyly is perhaps one of the most common congenital hand and foot anomalies. Tetrapolydactyly (polydactyly 24) is a very rare form of hand and foot anomalies. Postaxial ray polydactyly usually occurs in male blacks without associated congenital abnormalities.

Active management of third stage of labor: evidence versus practice.

Objective: To determine the correct use of active management of third stage of labor (AMTSL) (using the full complement of existing standard definitions) and compare the outcomes of third stage of labor in women who received AMTSL (according to these definitions) with those who did not.

Design: Observational, cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Seven tertiary centers in southwest Nigeria.

Active management of third stage of labour: a survey of providers' knowledge in southwest Nigeria.

Background: The disparity between current evidence and practice on active management of third stage of labour (AMTSL) demands assessment of providers' knowledge on the subject.

Objective: To assess the level and determinant(s) of accurate knowledge of obstetric providers regarding AMTSL.

Methods: Questionnaire-based survey of 361 labour and delivery professionals in public tertiary obstetric centres in southwest Nigeria.

Misoprostol for induction of labour: a survey of attitude and practice in southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Although supported by research evidence, misoprostol for induction of labour remains contentious.

Objective: To assess perception and practice of obstetricians regarding use of misoprostol for labour induction.

Methodology: Cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of Senior Registrars and Consultant Obstetricians in southwestern Nigeria.