Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids.

Objective: To review the literature on immediate hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids and classify them according to manifestations, routes of exposure, causative preparations, diagnostic tests, and management.

Data Sources: PubMed search for English-language publications from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2014 using search terms corticosteroid, glucocorticoid, or steroid combined with hypersensitivity, allergy, or anaphylaxis.

Study Selection: Only reports of immediate hypersensitivity reactions that occurred sooner than 24 hours after administration of a corticosteroid were included.

Diagnostic criteria for a curable form of chronic rhinosinusitis: the mucous recirculation syndrome.

In clinical practice, nonallergic rhinosinusitis (rhinopathy) is a common diagnosis of exclusion. The mucous recirculation syndrome is one incompletely defined condition that masquerades as nonallergic rhinopathy. Mucous recirculation syndrome, a curable condition, should be differentiated from nonallergic rhinopathy.